The nature of laws that govern the financial sector, as well as the quality of the institutions that enforce those laws, will largely determine the shape, size and depth of the financial sector. Of particular importance are the laws and institutions that facilitate/ promote or discourage/inhibit secured lending by influencing the ease with which agricultural and other rural assets can be used as collateral. These laws need to be reviewed and amended from time to time and financial/legal literacy and credit counseling in rural areas need to be continuously provided to users in order to ensure orderly growth of rural financial markets, since these are two issues of particular concern for the development of Rural Financial Markets(RFMs) in most developing countries. The experiences also confirm that mere establishment of an appropriate enabling environment does not guarantee that people will use their assets as collateral or use them prudentially. In rural areas, peoples’ understanding of their rights to own property and utility value of property owned is not adequate for them to seize available opportunities for their socio-economic development that their ownership makes possible. Efforts are, therefore, necessary to make them fully aware/educate potential borrowers as to the rights and responsibilities associated with property ownership, which can help them leverage their assets while understanding the risks in doing so. 

This paper is a study of the Third Age in the evolution of literary narratives that has opened immense new possibilities in an unprecedented way. Digital literature has emerged as a literature of circularity and potential- a highly malleable and potent mode that amalgamates characteristics of both print and oral literary cultures. It is also with this emergence that an alternate discourse has emerged. Language as used in the virtual realm has evolved with new coinages, innovations with linguistic structures and alternative uses of language in popular discourse in the virtual world. This paper shall take a closer look at the politics of authorship which takes an unconventional twist especially in the case of hypertext novels, and also explore what happens to the economics of writing and publishing in this virtual market of literature. 

Banking in India is full of diversities, in their sizes, organizational patterns, geographical presence and functional specializations banks are different. Till recently, there was classification on the basis of capital base, in the form of scheduled and non-scheduled banks. We see that, Banking in India has overgrown, diversified and over-stretched, like many of the sprawling, unplanned big cities in India. 

The major purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of teacher’s behaviour on the academic achievement of the college students in Jammu. The main objectives of the study were (i) to highlight the present status of colleges in Jammu, (ii) to investigate the behaviour of the college teachers in Jammu (iii) to examine the academic achievement of the college students as a result of teacher’s behaviour (iv) to highlight the causes which affect academic achievement of the college students (v) to sort out the relationship between the teacher’s behaviour and academic achievement (vi) to recommend strategies for the improvement of teachers behaviour. All the working college teachers along with the students of colleges were the population of this study. A random sampling technique was used for selection of the sample. Public colleges were included in the sample, further teachers and students from each college were also randomly selected as the sample of the study. Two questionnaires, one for college teachers and other for college students were developed for the collection of data. Collected data were tabulated analyzed and interpreted in the light of objectives of the study by applying statistical tools of chi-square and Pearson’s Product – Moment coefficient of correlation(r). The level of significancewas 0.05. Main conclusions of the study were, expansion of the colleges was financed properly; highly qualified teachers ratio was very low. at the time of their recruitment. 

 

Consumers have numerous options to select and buy various kinds of apparel and accessories. Depending on stores or shops, offers branded and counterfeit apparel and accessories to the consumers to buy from. This availability of wide varieties of product confuses and bewilders the average consumer. Counterfeit products are imitations of brand name products. They are the look-alikes or spell alike of actual brand products. Counterfeit products tend to have fake company logosand brands. In case of goods, it results in patent infringement or trademark infringement. Though prohibited, production and availability of counterfeit is growing by leaps and bounds. The growth in counterfeiting clearly has an economic impact in the marketplace and on the manufacturers of brand products and social status of the consumers. This paper discusses various pertinent issues like factors affecting consumer buying decisions and to make consumers aware of taking wise buying decisions, opinions of various stakeholders in the process of branding and counterfeiting. The results suggest that most important factors that influence a consumer’s final buying decision are the price and quality of the product but those who are not able to afford the branded apparel and accessories select to buy counterfeit apparel and accessories as they can satisfy their social needs. The result of the study also indicates that strong and powerful brand in the market are those brands whose counterfeits are available on high rate irrespective of its illegitimate. The production of counterfeit apparel and accessories is a crime and its sales are serious threat to both the manufacturers of the branded apparel and accessoriesand for the welfare of the consumers who purchase counterfeit apparel and accessories.Through this study, an attempt is been made to understand need for branding so that the manufacturers, retailers, and ultimate consumers remain unaffected by counterfeit products. 

Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schard. is an important medicinal plant belonging to family Cucurbitaceae. The seeds of the plant are rich in oil which attracts many scientists to study its potential for the production of bio-fuel from the extracted oil. Taking this important aspect of this plant, the present research work was done emphasising on the study of its seed-oil. The percentage yield of oil from its seeds was found to be (18.66%). Characterising its potential on the basis of its physiochemical parameters such as acid value, saponification value, peroxide value and moisture content, it showed its acid value to be 4.445mgKOH, saponification value to be 177.97mgKOH and peroxide value to be 0.009 .TLC analysis of the crude oil from Citrullus colocynthis seed showed that the major constituents were mainly the triglycerides (Rf=0.66 ), free fatty acids (Rf=0.37), phospholipids (Rf=0.25) and sterols (Rf=0.16) along with other minor unidentified constituents. Key Words: Citrullus colocynthis, Cucurbitaceae, seed oil, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, TLC, Rf value, triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols. 

 

The term “Globalization” means integration of economies and societies through cross country flows of information, ideas, technologies, goods, services, capital, finance and people. Cross-border integration is multi-dimensional including cultural, social, economic and political dimensions Globalization brings education to the front lines. An aim is a conscious purpose which we are apt to set before us. Education is one of the most important instruments that play their role in Human development. Globalization has created many opportunities as well as challenges only those nations can benefit from the opportunities which have acquired the required knowledge and skills. Relevant quality education and training, predominant in the new environment, promotes a productive and informed citizenry, and offers opportunities to the socially and economically underprivileged sections of society. Physical and mental well-being in a holistic and integrated approach towards human development is very much crucial. Global education is an education perspective which arises from the fact that contemporary people live and interact in an increasingly globalized world. Keywords: Globalization, Higher Education, Aims of Education, Teacher 

 In the World today, Open and Distance Education (ODE) system has been gaining widespread popularity over the years. The explosive growth of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) institutions and their scale of operations have been facilitated by continuous experiments and technological innovations in the field of ODE. In the light of these developments there is a need to assess the quality of the ODL in Globalization. Quality Assurance plays a pivotal role for highlighting the quality of both the learners as well as the teaching process in ODL. The improved access and availability of educational technology has enabled more students to participate in the learning process. New Educational Technologies have paved the way to a new learning techniques unconstrained by time and space. E-Learning, mobile technologies, communication and information access, and personal learning environments are becoming mainstream and, as a result the learning process is shifting away from teacher centered to the learner centered. Efficient delivery of such content may be carried out through Internet technology, Satellite or Microwave links as well as fiber optics. Open Learning has an important role to play by exploring new frontiers and developments in Open and Distance Education. The prominent users of this mode are worldwide in general and Asian region in particular. The growth of the ODE system in India and throughout the world has been phenomenal, particularly during the last two decades. Rapid changes have taken place in the practice of ODE, mainly driven by changes in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The revolution in ICT coupled with the social demand for education for all and the need for lifelong and continuing education have resulted in the new vistas of open learning for knowledge society.This paper attempts to study the importance of Distance Education in imparting education to the distance learners and its significance in making them independent in the present competitive world by providing flexible, accessible, qualitative and cost-effective education to women so that they can contribute to a more sustainable and prosperous society Keywords: - Distance Education, Learner, Empowerment.

 The Indian E-commerce market has undergone exhaustive changes in the recent times. E-commerce has reached the doorstep of a common individual in India . It has broken the technological and geographical barriers over the years and has got huge amount of success.The E-Retailing form of market was something unheard of to the Indian consumer in 2007.Many Indians today are embracing e-retailing with enthusiasm .Popular portals such as Flipkart are spearheading the conversion of offline shoppers into online bargain hunters .Flipkart has made a name for itself in terms of market share and goodwill in the online market and it is posing a big threat to the retailers by its marketing strategies.This case study aims to study functioning , market startegy ,SWOT analysis of Flipkart. Key words: E-Commerce, E-Retailing ,online , Flipkart

Key words: Customer satisfaction, Customer Delight,