An Internationl Peer Reviewed

Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Sciences & English Language

Oct - Nov, 2020, Vol-8/42

Impact Factor: 6.251

ISSN: 2348-3083

Date: 2020-12-01

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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF WATER-DMF SOLVENT SYSTEMS ON THE THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF AN ION-DIPOLAR SOLVOLYSIS REACTION

Namami Shankar Sudhanshu

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10512 - 10517

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For studying the solvent effect of DMF, on the thermodynamic functions of alkali catalysed hydrolysis of methyl butyrate ester (Ion-dipolar reaction) the kinetics of the reaction was studied in different aqua-DMF media containing 30 to 80% DMF (v/v) at temperatures varying from 20 to 40°C.

The values of Iso-composition activation energy of the reaction were found to decrease with increasing proportion of DMF in the reaction media. The plausible explanation for such depletion is due to solvation and desolation of transition and initial states of the reaction respectively.

From the enhancement observed in ∆G* values with simultaneous decrease in the values of ∆H* and ∆S* of the reaction, it is inferred that the organic co-solvent DMF acts as entropy controlling solvent.

The numerical value of Iso-kinetic temperature of the reaction. Which comes to be nearly 300 indicates that there is considerable solvent-solute interaction in the reaction media.

Key words: Organic content, Dielectric, Depletion, Solvation changes, Solvation and Desolvation, Entropy controlling, Mechanistic path ways, Solvent-solute interaction.

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1. Singh, Lallan, Singh, R.T., : J. Indian Chem. Soc., Singh, R. and Jha, RC 55, 372, 1978 2. Kiranmayee and Singh, R. T. : Asian Journal of Chemistry, 18, No. 2, 1050-1054, 2006 3. Tauheed, S., Haider, S.R. : ARJ Phys. Sci., 10, No. (1-2) and Singh, R.T. 201-204, 2007 4. Tabassum, N., Upadhyay, M. K., : NIRJ Sci., 1. No.(1), 115-118, Singh, A. K. and Singh, R. T. 2008 5. Wynne-Jones, W. F.K. : J. Chem. Phys. 3, 492, 1935 and Eyring, H. 6. Elsemongy, M.M. : Z. Physik. Chem. (Neue Folge) 84, 295, 1973

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BHARATIY SANDARBH ME NARI SHIKSHA

Amit Ratn Dwivedi & Gopal Krushna Thakur

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10518 - 10529

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INTERNET AAF THIKS KA SAMAJIK SANRACHANA PAR PRABHAV: EK SAMAJSHASTRIY VISHLESHAN

Ishwar Swarup Sahai

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10530 - 10535

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Castle Manuel(2012), Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movement in the Internet Age, Polity Press, Cambridge Luptan Deborah (2015) Digital Sociology, Routledge, London Miller , D. and Horst , H. ( 2012 ) The digital and the human: a prospectus for digital anthropology . In H. Horst and D. Miller (eds) Digital Anthropology . London : Berg , 3 – 35 . Featherstone , M. ( 2009 ) Ubiquitous media: an introduction . Theory, Culture & Society , 26 ( 2 / 3 ), 1 – 22 . Merton , R. (1975) The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations, University of Chicago Press. Berger Peter(1963) Invitation to sociology, Doubleday http://mddb.apec.org/Documents/2015/TEL/TEL51-DSG-WKSP2/15_tel51_dsg_wksp2_003.pdf https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Regional-Presence/AsiaPacific/SiteAssets/Pages/Events/2016/Dec-2016-IoT/IoTtraining/IoT%20Intro-Zennaro.pdf Zygmunt Bauman (1989) Modernity and the Holocaust , Cornell University Press.

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CHANGING TRENDS OF RELIGIOUS COMMUNALISM IN INDIA

Ashish Anshu

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10536 - 10541

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In this research paper it has been tried to understand the changing trends of religious communalism in India. After Independence and especially after the 1990’s liberalization, information revolution and expansion of houses have been created a new edge for religious communalism in India. And this is the reason even before this the idea of secularism was never so sharp attacked by religious fundamentalist group.

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Ahmed Hilal (6 May 2018), “Communalism in India is Now Several Shades Darker than What it Was in the 1970s’, www.theprint.in Chandra Bipin (1984), “Communalism in Modern India”, New Delhi: Vikas Publication Das Veena (1990), “Mirrors of Violence: Communities, Riots and Survivors in South Asia”, New Delhi: Oxford University Press Engineer A A (1992), “Communal Riots in Post-Independence in India”, Hyderabad: Sangam Books Krishna G (19 January 1985), “Communal Violence in India” Economic and Political Weekly. Pandey Gyanendra (2006), “The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India”, New Delhi: Oxford India

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL TREND IN LITERACY LEVELS IN PALGHAR DISTRICT

Miss. Pranoti B. Sonule & Rajendra Parmar

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10542 - 10558

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The significance of literacy lies in reading and writing effectively with acquiring the basic math skills to carry out the normal and simple transactions and communication required by an individual in any society. Literacy is critical to economic development that is associated with an individual and community wellbeing in any nation. Literacy is one of the most importance skills when it comes to our personal growth, culture and development. It is one of the major indicator of changing economy and society. Literacy helps in acquiring skills that promotes development and confidence in individual. In the era of globalization where most of the transactions and working are becoming highly digitalized literacy forms the basic to every individual and organization. Thus literacy is one of the most challenging aspects of human life, society and nation in the contemporary era of a digitized world. Keeping this aspect in view the present study focuses on the status of literacy levels in the newly formed Palghar district of Maharashtra state which is largely dominated by tribal population. The present work is an attempt to study spatio-temporal trend in literacy levels at taluka level in Palghar district based on census data of India from 1991 to 2011.The male- female literacy levels has been worked out. The total literacy rate of Palghar district was 66.65% percent and male and female literacy rates is 72.23 % and is 59 % respectively in 2011. Gender gap in literacy reveals lower gap in urbanized tehsils having lower concentration of scheduled tribe population while it is high in rural tehsils with concentration of scheduled tribe population in Palghar district.

Keywords: Scheduled tribe population, Literacy rate, Gender Gap, digitalized literacy.

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King, L.J. and Golledge, R.G.(1978): “Çities Spall and Behaviour”, Chapter 2, (Prentic Hall). Krishan, G and Chandna R.C.(1974): ‘Patterns of Literacy in Haryana”,PanjabUniverity Research Bulletin(Arts),5,2 pg 95-104 Ojha,G.K.(1966), Progress of Compulsory Education in India (1951-66), Universal Publication, Delhi. Sagar, P. (1990):”Spatial Pattern of Literacy Differentials in India: 1981, An Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geography, Panjub University, Chandigarh. Swati M. and Noorjahan K.(2013): “Literacy differential Index: A Spatio – temporal analysis in Murshidabad District, West Bengal’ pg.123 in Readings in Population, Environment and Spatial Planning edited by K.D.Sharma, H.S.Mangat and K.Surjit Singh and published by Institute of Spatial Planning and Environment Research, Panchkula. Thane District Census Handbook 1991, 2001 and 2011 Thane district e-gazetteer - geography, administrative evolution Thane district e-gazetteer – geography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palghar_district

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SCHOOLING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND SYSTEMIC ISSUES IN ONLINE EDUCATION

Prahallad Majhi & Itishree Mohanta

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10559 - 10568

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The world has experienced many dangerous diseases like Ebola, Swine Flu, and Plague which have a devastating impact on all the aspect of human life, including social, political, economic, cultural, and education. Likewise, COVID-19 has also so much disastrous impact on human life including all sectors of our society around the world. During this pandemic, almost all the countries of the world have been put into lockdown and all activities and services including the teaching-learning process have been affected adversely. Almost all the educational institution around the world is closed due to the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. In such situation to continue the teaching-learning process the focus is drawn to online learning platforms from the traditional mode of the face-to-face classroom. This pandemic has brought both positive and negative impacts in the education sector. On one hand, the whole world is experiencing and experimenting with the teaching-learning process in online platforms looking at it as a new world of educational opportunities. But on the other hand, in a country like India, there is lack of sufficient resources, lack of adequate knowledge to use information and communication technology tools which becoming a hindrance to conduct and operate online teaching-learning. The large poor population, electricity problem, network issue, lack of personal computer, and other digital devices have created a new kind of inequality in online education platform. Some students have accessibility to the online learning platform and some are not and the main sufferers are students with disabilities leading to a new kind of digital dividend in education. This paper focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on school education in India, where the impact of COVID-19 has been highlighted with the major issues and transition from the traditional system of education i.e. face to face classroom teaching-learning to focusing on online learning. This paper looks into the major challenges that exist in India in conducting online teaching and learning. It seeks to create a forum that can be referred to all the stakeholders of education sectors i.e. the policymaker, administrator, teachers, students as well as the government.

Key Words: COVID-19, School education in India, Online Teaching and Learning, Challenges in Online Education

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Chari, R. (May, 2020). Challenges of quality in online learning. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com Choudhary, R. (April, 2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact and strategies for education sector in India. ET Government.com. Deepika, K.C. (18 July 2020). Corona virus lockdown | Students with disabilities struggle with online classes. The Hindu. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/ coronavirus-lockdown-students-with-disabilities-struggle-with-online-classes/ article32126029.ece Diop, M. O. & Jain, T. (May, 2020). COVID-19 crisis sheds light on the need for a new education model. Education Times. Giannini, S. (March, 2020). Covid-19 school closures around the world will hit girls hardest. UNESCO. https://en.unesco.org/news/covid-19-school-closures-around-world-will-hit-girlshardest Goyal, S. (April, 2020). Impact of Corona virus in India. https://www.jagranjosh.com /general-knowledge/impact-of-coronavirus-on-education-in-india-1587642880-1 Hindustantime.com. (2020). 43 lakh disabled students across states may drop out, unable to cope with online education. https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/43-lakh-disabled-students-across-states-may-drop-out-unable-to-cope-with-onlineeducation/story-ZAg4a1nyWDluuq4BfV2V0K.html Indian Express. (2020). Indian Internet infrastructure not prepared for shift to online teaching learning, says QS report Available at: https://indianexpress.com/article/education /indian-internet-infrastructure-not-prepared-for-shift-to-online-teaching-learning-says-qs-report-6372499/

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AN EVALUATIVE STUDY OF SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

Sipra Ray

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10569 - 10574

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Education occupies a very prominent place in the history and life of a nation. It is the most important single factor in the achievement of rapid economic development, technological progress and in creating social order on the basis of freedom, social justice and equal opportunity.

“Education for All” and “Life-long Learning” are the slogans of all the developing countries. The U.N.O. Charter (1948) resolved that education should be a fundamental right for all human beings. In India, free and compulsory Primary Education has already been made a fundamental right which came to effect on1st April, 2010. The Constitutional (83rd Amendment) bill in this regard was passed in the Indian Parliament in 2002 for achieving the goal of “Education For All” (EFA) by making free and compulsory education a Fundamental Right for all children in the age group of 6-14 years and the same received the assent of President of India on 26th August, 2009 known as “Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009”. In 2010, District Primary Education Program (DPEP) has been extended to Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA). The SSA is a key move toward achieving the long cherished goal of Universalization of Elementary Education (UEE) through a bound integrated approach in partnership with the states. The SSA provides useful and relevant Elementary Education for all children in the age group of 6 to 14 by 2010. Also, another goal is to bridge the gap of social, regional and gender, with active participation of community in the management.

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EVALUATION PRACTICES FOLLOWED FOR THE HEARING-IMPAIRED STUDENTS: FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEWS

Lalita Vartak & Ms. Gauri Varade

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10575 - 10585

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The present study was conducted to reveal the teachers’ perceptions regarding the evaluation used for the hearing-impaired students. Qualitative research method was used for the research. The data was collected by using focus group interview technique and was summarized. The study group consisted of eight teachers who were dealing with the hearing-impaired students. Majority of the interviewees were seemed to be unaware about the concept of formative evaluation and importance of it for the hearing-impaired students. While they rightly pointed out the limitations of the current evaluation system followed for the hearing-impaired students. All of them suggested required modification in the evaluation system to fulfil the special needs of the hearing-impaired students.

Key Words: evaluation, hearing-impaired students, focus group interview, formative evaluation, special needs.

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Buelin, & Jennifer, etc. (2019). Formative Evaluation Techniques. Retrieved form https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Formative+Evaluation+Techniques%e2%80%99+conducted+by+Buelin%2c+Jennifer%2c+Ernst%2c+Jeremy%2c+Clark%2c+Aaron%2c+Kelly%2c+Daniel%2c+DeLuca+and+William+(2019)&id=EJ1203704 Disability_Access_and_Inclusion_Plans_DAIPs_Resource_Manual_for_State_Government.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved on October 2, 2020, from https://www.dplh.wa.gov.au/getmedia/f3ffe0ee-3b48-4175-b436-1bead61c7e08/Disability_Access_and_Inclusion_Plans_DAIPs_Resource_Manual_for_State_Government Ilgaz, S. (2019). Pre-Service Social Studies Teachers’ Views About Teacher Training (Focus Group Interviews). Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?q=Pre-Service+Social+Studies+Teachers%e2%80%99+Views+About+Teacher+Training+(Focus+Group+Interviews)++Sel%c3%a7uk+%c4%b0lgaz+Correspondence%3a+Sel%c3%a7uk+Ilgaz%2c+Education+Faculty%2c+Ataturk+University%2c+Erzurum&id=EJ1210777 Learning Technology Dissemination Initiative. Implementing Learning Technology. Retrieved form http://www.icbl.hw.ac.uk/ltdi/implementing-it/eval.htm Mani, A. (2016). Measurement and Evaluation in Education. Retrieved form https://www.tripurauniv.ac.in/Content/pdf/Distance%20Education%20Notice/Measurement%20and%20Evaluation%20in%20Education%20_%20MA-Edu%20_%20ED-804%20E%20_%20English_21072017.pdf McMillan, J. H. (2010). The key to improving student achievement. In J. H. McMillan (Ed.), Formative classroom assessment. New York, NY: Teachers College, Columbia University. Pizzo, L., & Chilvers, A. (2019). Assessment of Language and Literacy in Children Who Are d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing. Educ. Sci., 15. Section One – About Disability. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://radiologicalcouncil.wa.gov.au/publications/daip/training_package/fscommand/Disability.pdf Tubbitt, J. (2020). Formative Assessment: A Tool for Closing Achievement Gaps in Diverse Classrooms. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?q=%e2%80%98Formative+Assessment%3a+A+Tool+for+Closing+Achievement+Gaps+in+Diverse+Classrooms%e2%80%99+was+written+by+Tibbitt+(2020).+&id=EJ1268293 Yao, Y. (2015). Teacher Perceptions of Classroom Assessment: A focus group interview. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1083125.pdf

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INDIA-RUSSIA RELATIONS IN EMERGING WORLD ORDER

Ms. Ankita Das

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10586 - 10597

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India and Russia have acquired a new self-confidence arising out of their rapid economic growth. As rising economic powers, both India and Russia are playing an increasingly larger role on the world stage. This article mentions about their traditional friendly relations before disintegration of the Soviet Union and continuing close relations during the transition period and their interest in further deepening and diversifying close and multifaceted ties with each other in the coming years. The article mentions briefly about the historical background, it depicted how since the very early times both these countries are linked and dependent on each other. Article indicates about both the countries interest in creation of the more democratic, multipolar world and wants peace and stability and thus shares similar views on many aspects. The USSR was instrumental in helping independent India industrialise, develop its scientific potential, and defend its territorial integrity. The Indo-Russian relationship developed a level of trust between two independent countries that was unprecedented in international affairs. The collapse of the USSR negatively affected the bilateral relations, though the political leadership in both countries succeeded in containing the impact. Today the two countries need to find new ways to reignite their ties in a rapidly changing international system. Continuity, mutual trust and confidence are the major pillars of India-Russia relations or the basis of solid background of Indo-Soviet ties. The bilateral relationship has developed into a strong “strategic partnership” in recent years. One important point of the old Indo-Soviet friendship was a special bilateral trade and economic relationship. Although this arrangement had the usual weaknesses of corruption, patronage, transactions in low quality products, it helped many small and medium size private companies to become exporters. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, this relationship has been badly damaged. Economic transformation in Russia from a centrally planned economy to a market economy in 1992 – coined as the policy of economic liberalization in India. These developments changed the nature and character of foreign economic relations in both the countries. Therefore, despite having solid economic and trade relations in the past, a large part of the 1990s was a period of difficult adjustments for both Indian as well as Russian business.

Key Words: Defence &Strategic, Energy, Economic, Problematic

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SuhasiniHaidar “Nehru’s Soviet Sojourn’’ The Hindu, July 12, 2015, Retrived from https://www.thehindu.com/features/magazine/nehrus-soviet-sojourn/article7407454.ece India-Russia Relations, Civilsdaily, August 24, 2017, Retrived fromhttps://www.civilsdaily.com/india-russia-relations/ The Soviet Union’s Stance on the Sino-Indian Boundary Question and the Soviet-India Relations. Wilson Centre, April 1963 Retrived from: https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/116949.pdf?v=8874161e2989ae2ccb1bf926ac995a92 Cynthia Nisar&MishalBatool, “India And Russia Relations – Analysis”Eurasia Review, April 3,2020 Retrived from:https://www.eurasiareview.com/03042020-india-and-russia-relations-analysis/ VladimirRadyuhin, “New challenges and Opportunities”, The Hindu, August 8,2011 Retrived from:https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/New-challenges-and-opportunities/article13646554.ece Muravyov, Andrei. : Soviet Indian Economic Relations;.Panchsheel Publishers, New Delhi, 1988, P-4. V.NKhnana, “ India and the Soviet Union”,Vikas Publishing House,New Delhi, 2018,P-287. Balakrishnan, T.K., “Foreign Policy of India – Problems and Paradoxes”, Mohini Publishers,New Delhi, 2010, p 42 Manu Pubby, “Russia offers to jointly design, build submarines,” Economic Times, July 6, 2018, Retrived from: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/russia-offers-to-jointly-design-buildsubmarines/articleshow/64877908.cms “Russia, India to ink Sukhoi deal on Dec 28,” Rediff.com, December 26, 2000, Retrived from: https://www.rediff.com/news/2000/dec/26sukhoi.htm

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A STUDY OF PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Prashanth Joshi & G. Sheela

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10598 - 10604

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The present study was conducted to examine the Problem solving ability and Achievement in science among secondary school students. Descriptive Survey method was adopted for the study. The data was collected using Problem solving ability test constructed by Dr. G. Sheela and Achievement test in science constructed by the researcher. Pearson Product moment correlation and t-test were the statistical techniques used for analysis of the data. The findings of the study highlights that there is no significant difference in problem solving ability in male and female secondary school students. A significant difference was found in achievement in science among male and female secondary school students. The findings show that the female students possess higher problem solving ability than the male students and the female students exhibit greater achievement in science than the male students. There is a moderate positive relationship between problem solving ability and achievement in science among secondary school students.

Keywords: Descriptive Survey method, Problem solving ability and Achievement in science

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Bal-Ta?tan, S., Davoudi, S. M. M., Masalimova , A. R., Bersanov, A. S., Kurbanov, R. A., Boiarchuk, A. V., & Pavlushin, A. A. (2018). The Impacts of Teacher’s Efficacy and Motivation on Student’s Academic Achievement in Science Education among Secondary and High School Students. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(6), 2353-2366. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/89579 Kanmani, M & Nagarathinam, N. (2017). Problem Solving Ability And Academic Achievement Of Higher Secondary Students.. International Journal of Advanced Research. 5. 871-876. 10.21474/IJAR01/5842. Gupta, Madhu & Kavita, & Pasrija, Pooja. (2015). Effect of Problem Solving Ability on Academic Achievement of High School Students: A Comparative Study. Bhartiyam International Journal of Education & Research: A quarterly peer reviewed International Journal of Research & Education, ISSN: 2277-1255, 4(II), 45-59. Bhartiyam International Journal of Education & Research: A quarterly peer reviewed International Journal of Research & Education, ISSN: 2277-1255. 4. 45-59. John W. Best and James V. Khan (2011) “Research in Education”, Tenth Edition, PHI: Learning Private limited, New Delhi. https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/npe.pdf

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UCCHATAR MADHYAMIK STAR PAR BHAUTIK VIDNYAN SHIKSHAN ME AANE VALE KATHIN BINDU

Akhil Chamoli

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10605 - 10610

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PRODUCER FOR BHIKKHU ORDINATION

Muninda

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10611 - 10617

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HOW TO BE MINDFULNESS ACCORDING TO THERAV?DA BUDDHISM

Kelasa

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10618 - 10621

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Anguttaranik?ya P?li. (Yangon, Myanmar; Religious Affair Press)1997. Mulapa???sa P?li. (Yangon, Myanmar; sixth great council editions, Minister of Religious Affairs, 1995) . Khandhavagga P?li.(Yangon, Myanmar; Sixth great council edition, Minister of Religious Affairs, 1997). Mya Tin, Daw, M.A, (tr.,) Dhammapada, (Yangon, Myanmar; Myanmar Pi?aka Association, 1990). Narada Thera, A Manual of Abhidhamm?. (V?jirar?ma, Colombo; Buddhist Publication Society, 1956). Buddhaghosa, Bhaddantcariya, the Path of Purification (Visuddhi Magga) (Trans.) Bhikkhu Ñ?namoli, (Singapore; Singapore Buddhist Meditation Centre, No.11, Neo Pec Teck Lane, 0511). Malalasekera, G.P.(ed), Encyclopaedia of Buddhism, vol (4).(The Government of Ceylon, 1999).

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ROLE AND ASPECT OF BUDDHISM

Nandamedha

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10622 - 10626

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Dhammapada verse-183, Khuddaka Nik?ya, Suttanta Pi?aka, Canonical P??i Text. Venerable Kaba-Aye Sayadaw Bhaddanta Paññ?d?pa, Dhamma: The Noble Doctrine of the Buddha, published by World Buddhist Meditation Institute, Yangon, Myanmar. Venerable Kaba-Aye Sayadaw Bhaddanta Paññ?d?pa, Buddha Desan? and Essential Principles for Enlightenment, published by Shwe Parabaik Sarpay, Yangon, Myanmar, 1998. N?rada Mah?thera, Buddhism in a Nutshell, published for free distribution by Sukhi Hotu Sdn Bhd, Malaysia, 1996. Venerable Hammalawa Saddhatissa, Facets of Buddhism, edited by Venerable Pesala, published by The World Buddhist Foundation, London, 1991. Ashin Thitthila (Aggamah?pandita), Essential Themes of Buddhist Lectures, published by Department of Religious Affairs, Yangon, Myanmar, 1992. Various Authors, Buddhism Handbook, edited by U Han Htay (Research), compiled by Sar Maung Toh, published by Tetlan Sarpay, Yangon, Myanmar, February, 1997. Dr. Ñ?nissara (Ashin), Selected Speeches Delivered by Sitagu Sayadaw, published by Sitagu International Buddhist Academy, Yangon, Myanmar, 2012.

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KHANTI ABILITY FOR HARMONIOUS MISSIONARY WORK: A BUDDHIST PERSPECTIVE

Nyanadhaza

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10627 - 10630

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MARRIAGE INSTITUTION: A BUDDHIST SOCIAL ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE

Panyazawta

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10631 - 10635

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Pathamajivisutta of Anguttaranikaya, (A.II) p.62 Sigalovadasutta of Dhighanikaya, (D.III) p.942 Dhammananda, K Sri. Human life and problems. 1stEd, Buddhist Missionary society, Malaysia, 1997.p.35

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ROLE OF TEACHER’S IN CURRICULUM CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSACTION – SEARCH FOR BETTER FUTURE

Omprakash H M, Chala Wata Dereso, Asfaw Gelaw Nefa & Abraham Ayele Dulo

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10635 - 10645

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The term curriculum used in a number of ways by parents, educators and businesses. Some see curriculum as the “academic stuff that is done to children in school.” Teachers themselves use the term in different ways depending on their views and needs. In any school staffroom one may hear statements about curriculum such as the following: “The kids are really making progress since I began modifying the curriculum to better meet their needs.”

Curriculum does not mean only the academic subjects traditionally taught in the school, but it includes the totality of experience that a pupil receives through the manifold activities that go on in the school, in the classroom, library, laboratory, workshop, play-grounds and numerous informal contacts between teachers and pupils. In real sense, the whole life of the school becomes the curriculum, which can influence the life of the students at all points and help in the development of a balanced personality.The exploration of knowledge and advancement of technology have enhanced the role of responsibilities of teacher. The teachers have therefore to remain ‘aware and awake’ towards social needs and new developments. While it is essential that classroom interactions terminate in the achievements of the desired competencies in the pupil, it is highly desirable on the part of the teacher that he inculcates the spirit of inquiry and right attitudes to apply his knowledge to life situations, leading to inculcations to the habit of lifelong learning among his pupils. The learning process is no more restricted to teacher talks students receive concept.

Key Words: Teacher, Curriculum Construction, Transaction and Better Future

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Leithwood,K.A. (1981). The Dimension of Curriculum Innovation, Journal of Curriculum Studies, 13,25-28. Joyce. & Showers B. (1988). Students Achievement through staff development. New York : Long Man. TangyongA.f.,&Wahyidi (1989). Quality through support for teachers : A case study (in Education in Asis and pacific, UNESCO, PROAP, Bangkok, No. 26, 1989-1990. Skilbeck M. (1990). Curriculum reform, Paris : Center for Education Research and Innovation. Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) (1993) National policy on Education. New Delhi : Government of India. English, W.f. (2000) Decoding what to Teach and Test. London. Corwiz Press. Ross, A. (2000). Curriculum Construction and Critique. London :Falher Press. UNESCO (2000). World Education Forum, Final Report, Daker, 26-28 April. National Curriculum Framework 2005 ( NCERT). www.ncte.com. Curriculum Frame Work.

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BRAHMAVIH?RA: A THERAV?DA PERSPECTIVE

Dhammadinna & Nilima Chawhan

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10646 - 10653

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Visuddhimagga (Engl. transl. as Path of Purification) Mahasi sayadaw, Brahmavih?radhamma. (Selangor Buddhist Vipassana Meditation Society, Malaysia. 2005) Ashin Janak?bhiva?sa, Abhidhamma in Daily Life. (International Theravada Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.1999) T.W. Rhys Davids and William Stede,P?li-English Dictionary,(Delhi: Motilal Banasidass Publishers, 1997) Karl H. Potter,Encyclopedia of Indian Philolsophy,Vol IX. (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 2008) Lord Chalmers (tr),Buddha’s Teachings.(Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 2000) Tevijja Sutta and Mah?-Sudassana Sutta (trnsl. by Rhys Davids, 1899) Kala Acharaya (Dr). Buddhanusamiti (Mumbai: Samaiya Publication, 2002) Lord Chalmers (ed),Majjhimanik?ya.(London: P?li Text Society, 1899) Phra Dhammapitaka,Dictionary of Buddhism.(Bangkok: Mahachulalongkom Buddhist University Press, 1995)

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THIDINGYUT FESTIVAL: MYANMAR BUDDHIST RELIGIO-CULTURAL SPIRIT

Ven Dhammapala

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10654 - 10657

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MahavaggaPali of VinayaPitaka, Department of Religious Affairs, Rangoon, 1958. MahavaggaPali Myanmar Translation, Department of Religious Affairs, Rangoon, 1960. KhinMyo Chit: Colorful Myanmar, Parami Bookshop, Yangon, 1995. KhinMaungNyunt (Dr.): Land of Ethnic Affinities, Rangoon, 1968. NyanTun (Dr.): Junior-Senior and Myanma Culture, The Global New Light of Myanmar, October, 201

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DNYANRACHANAVAD : PRABHAVI ADHYAYAN VA ADHYAPANACHA MARG

Minakshi Raut

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10658 - 10664

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Oxford, R. (1997). Constructivism: Shape-Shifting, Substance, and Teacher Education. Peabody Journal of Education 72(1): 35-66 Johnson, Andrew (2014). Education Psychology: Theories of Learning and Human Development. National Science Press: wwwnsspress.com Fosnot, C. T. (1996). Constructivism: Theory, perspective, and practice (Ed.), New York: Teachers College Press.

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CULTURAL CONTROL ON METACOGNITIVE KNOWLEDGE IN SCIENCE AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL

Priyaranjan Dash & Prof B. N. Panda

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10665 - 10676

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Deeper understanding of any subject in general and science in particular is controlled and coordinated by some affective and reflective processes which are even beyond simple cognitive operations. The present study makes an attempt to analyze the influence of culture on metacognition. For this purpose the sample in this study are having ethnic variation i.e. one group of the sample student is from tribal community where as the other one from non tribal community. Further for the better understanding and assessment in the present study the metacognitive knowledge is divided in to three categories such as declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge, conditional /strategic knowledge. The present study is an exploratory study conducted in a mixed method (QUAN-QUAL) design. One hundred seventeen learners who have completed class VIII were purposively selected. Out of two objectives of the research study first objective was investigated through quantitative approach. For the exploration of second objective qualitative approach was followed. This included in-depth analysis of the observation and results of the tasks or questions assigned to the learners in the investigation of first objective. Statistical analysis of data revealed a significant quantitative difference in the score of metacognitive knowledge of tribal and non tribal learners in science. The qualitative analysis of the answers provided a more comprehensive understanding of tribal and nontribal learners’ understanding of science as well as their knowledge about their own cognitive abilities which are due to the interplay of ethnic culture and metacognition.

Key words- Metacognition, Declarative knowledge, Procedural knowledge, Conditional knowledge, Culture

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Brown, A. L. (1980). Metacognitive development and reading. Theoretical issues in reading comprehension. R. J. Spiro, B. Bruce and W. Brewer. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Flavell, J. H. (1976). Metacognitive aspects of problem solving. In L. B. Resnick (Ed.), The nature of intelligence (pp. 231–235). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Flavell, J. H. (1979). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 34, 906-911. http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1980-09388-001 Garro, L.C. (2000). Remembering what one knows and the construction of the past: A comparison of Cultural Consensus Theory and Cultural Schema Theory. Ethos, 28.3, 275-319. Gutchess A.H., Schwartz A.J., Boduro?lu A. (2011) The Influence of Culture on Memory. In: Schmorrow D.D., Fidopiastis C.M. (eds) Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Directing the Future of Adaptive Systems. FAC 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6780. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21852-1_9 Jaušovec, N. (1994). Metacognition in creative problem solving. In M. A. Runco (Ed.), Creativity research. Problem finding, problem solving, and creativity (p. 77–95). Ablex Publishing Kristiani, N.et al.(2015) The contribution of learners’ metacognitive skills and scientific attitude towards their academic achievements in biology learning implementing Thinking Empowerment by Questioning (TEQ) learning integrated with inquiry learning (TEQI). International Journal of Educational Policy Research and Review Vol.2 (9), pp. 113-120 Kuhn, D. & Dean, D. (2004). A bridge between cognitive psychology and educational practice. Theory into Practice, 43(4), 268-273.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND ADJUSTMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF DISADVANTAGED GROUP

Sushil Kumar Singh

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10677 - 10685

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Stress and Adjustment have become a great challenge for teenagers. Stressful atmosphere of society and Adjustment play a vital role in increasing rate of dropout. In the case of scheduled caste students, parents and guardian are not in a condition to guide them due to illiteracy, poverty and lack of understanding. Therefore, the investigator inclines to study the variables stress and adjustment of secondary school students of a disadvantaged group. The investigator has adopted survey method for the present study. The investigator used stratified random sampling technique for selecting the sample. Four hundred eighty students were randomly selected from 12 schools of three different districts of Bihar. Mean, Standard Deviation and co-efficient of correlation by covariance methods were used for data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between stress and adjustment in male disadvantaged secondary school students, while significant relationships were established between stress and adjustment of female secondary school students. On the other hand, there is a significant relationship between adjustment and stress of disadvantaged secondary school students.

Key Words: Relationship, Stress, Adjustment, Secondary School Students, Disadvantaged Group

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Ala, R. (2014). Values and adjustment problems of high achievers and low achievers. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration.; 4(2):113- 118. Al-thabat, A., & Alam, S. (2014). Study of adjustment among Jordanian university students. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 5(6), 757. Anand. C.L. et. al ( 1983). The Teacher and Education in Indian Society, NCERT, New Delhi. Ashthana Bipin et. al (2010). Research Methodology , Agrawal Publication Agra U.P. Asthana B. (2015). Measurement and Evaluationin Psyhchology and Education, Agra, Agarwal Publications. Asthana, B., Srivastava, V., & and Asthana, N,(2012/2013). Research Methodology, Agarwal Publications. Agra. Barber, B.; & Lyons, J.M. (1994). Family processes and adolescent adjustment in intact and remarried families. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 23, 421-436. Basu, S. (2012). Adjustment of secondary school students. Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,1(3).430-38. Bayrak, B.K. & Bayram, H., (2010). The Effect of Computer Aided Teaching Method on The Students’ Academic Achievement in The Science and Technology Course. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 235–238.Retrieved from Bell, H.M. (1962). Bell adjustment Inventory Manual. (Revised student form). (P.3). California.

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INDIA–PAKISTAN RELATIONS: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Bhisma Narayan Sabar

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10686 - 10695

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a Relations between India and Pakistan have been complex and largely hostile due to a number of historical and political events. Relations between the two states have been defined by the violent partition of British India in 1947 which started the Kashmir conflict, and the numerous military conflicts fought between the two nations. Consequently, their relationship has been plagued by hostility and suspicion Both India and Pakistan hold different views regarding their conflict; to Pakistan it is Kashmir, where as for India it is Cross-border terrorism across the Line of Control (LOC), supported by Pakistan. The indo-Pakistan conflict has also hampered the development of economic and trade cooperation between them. Time is ripe when both the countries should try to resolve their differences and move towards peace and cooperation. The central objective of this paper is to discuss about the relations between India and Pakistan since the formation of both counties. And also discuss certain agreement/summit between two nations for normalising the situation. Finally the paper concludes with some suggestions for improving cordial relationship between India and Pakistan.

Key words: cooperation, conflicts, relationship, summit,

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Metcalf, Barbara D. and Metcalf, Thomas R. (2006), “A Concise History of India”,(2nd ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 221-222. Marshall, Cavendish. ( 2006) “ World and Its Peoples”, Marshall Cavendish. p. 396. "SimlaAgreement". https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral documents.htm?dtl/5541/Simla+Agreement https://www.dawn.com/news/751253 https://web.archive.org/web/20131002132702/http://ksgindia.com/study-material/editorial-series/3885-relevance-of-simla-agreement.html https://indianexpress.com/news/india-spikes-pak-call-for-third-party-mediation-says-simla-agreement-tops-all-agendas/1063018/0 https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/file/resources/collections/peace_agreements/ip_lahore19990221.pdf http://storyofpakistan.com/agra-summit/ Watson, Paul (2003). "India and Pakistan Agree to Cease-Fire in Kashmir", Los Angeles Times, November 26. Child, Greg (1998). Thin air: encounters in the Himalayas. The Mountaineers Books, 1998. Margolis, Eric (2004) “ War at the Top of the World: The Struggle for Afghanistan, Kashmir and Tibet”, Routledge. p. 81 https://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/gpcountry.php?id=74®ionSelect=6-Central_and_Southern_Asia&id=74®ionSelect=6-Central_and_Southern_Asia# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/south_asia/2002/india_pakistan/timeline/1989.stm https://www.dw.com/en/kashmir-a-year-of-lockdown-and-lost-autonomy/a-54437369 https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/kargil-99.htm https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/sushma-swaraj-pakistan-terrorism-john-kerry-india-visit-3004565/ Geeta Anand, and Hari Kumar (29 November 2016), "Militants Attack Indian Army Base in Nagrota, Inflaming Tensions With Pakistan", The New York Times. "Non-discriminatory market access: Pakistan, India all but sign trade normalisation deal". The Express Tribune. 15 March 2014. https://www.timesnownews.com/international/article/pakistan-downscales-diplomatic-relationship-suspends-bilateral-trade-with-india/465213

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CYBERCRIME AGAINST WOMEN-PERCEPTION AND OPINION OF CYBER CELL OFFICIALS AND COUNSELORS - WITH REFERENCE TO PUNE CITY

Prof. S. I. Kumbhar & Raju Gaikwad

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10666 - 10705

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Information Technology and Internet have widened its scope over the last few years. With the use of computer mobile phone etc. the crimes using Internet has also widened, especially in the case of women related crimes. Through the present study an attempt has been made to focus on the major cybercrimes against women and its responsible factors in the view of cyber cell officials and counselors. This study also focused on the social implications of cybercrimes on the life of the women victims and reasons for not reporting of cybercrimes by women committed against them. The present study also highlights the major deficiencies in the IT Act 2000 and 2008 and barriers in detecting/investigating of cybercrimes.

Key words – cybercrime, women victim, cyber cell

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Virendra Kumar, (2008), “Many measures in to check cybercrimes against women,” Press Information Bureau Ministry of Women and Child Development, Govt. of India. N. Agarwal, (2014), “Cybercrimes against women,” GJRIM, Vol.4, No.1. P. K. Vanita, (2012), “Cyber laws and cybercrimes against women,” Common Wealth Publishers, New Delhi. V. A. Panse, (2016), “Cybercrimes against women-Implications on social and family life,” Niraj Prakashan, Dhantoli, Nagpur. Ram Ahuja, (2007), “Crime against Women,” Rawat Publications, Jaipur. S. Das and T. Naik, (2013), “Impact of cybercrime: Issues and challenges,” International Journal of Fngineering sciences and Emerging Technologies,” Journal of the Academy of social sciences. V. Agarwal and M. Shruti, (2018), “Cybercrime Victims: A Comprehensive study,” International Journal of creative Research though, Vol.6, No.2. U. Sharma and Ramdin E., (2014), “A study on cybercrime and cyber criminals: A Global Problem,” Research Gate.

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A KINETIC STUDY OF THE SOLVENT EFFECT OF AQUO-ETHANOL SOLVENT SYSTEMS ON THE MEECHANISM AND THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF CATALYSED SOLOLYSIS OF HIGHER BUTANOATE

Rashik Bihari Dubey

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10706 - 10711

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The values of Iso-composition activation energy of the reaction were found to decrease with increasing proportion of EtOH in the reaction media. The plausible explanation for such depletion is due to solvation and desolvation of transition and initial states of the reaction respectively.

From increase observed in ∆G* values with simultaneous decrease in the values of ∆H* and ∆S* of the reaction, it is inferred that the organic cosolvent EtOH acts as entropy controller solvent.

From the evaluated values of water molecules associated with the activated complex of the reaction, it is concluded that bimolecular mechanistic path is changed to unimolecular in presence of the organic components of the reaction media.

The numerical value of iso-kinetic temperature of the reaction, which comes to be 286.31 indicates that there is weak but considerable solvent-solute interaction in the reaction media.

Key Words:- Aquo-Ethanol, Mechanism, Catalysed, Thermodynamic functions, Solvation number, Iso-kinetic Temperature, Barclay-Butler Rule uni and Bimolecular, solvent-solute Interaction.

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1. Singh, Lallan, Singh, R. T. Singh, R.K. and Jha, R. C:J. Indian Chem. Soc.,55, 372, 1978 2. Singh, P., Mishra, S. K., Sinha, D. K., Prasad, D. and Singh, R. T.:ARJ Phys. Sci., 7,87 89, 2004 3. Kiranmayee and Singh, R. T.: Asian Journal of Chemistry, 18, No. 2, 1050-1054, 2006 . 4. Tabassum, N., Upadhyay, M. K.,Singh, A. K. and Singh, R. T.: NIRJ Sci.,1, No.(1), 115118, 2008 5. Robertson, R. E., : Prog. Phy. Org. Chem. 4,213, 1967 6. Wynne-Jones, W.F. K. and Eyring, H.: J. Chem. Phys. 3,492, 1935 7. Elsemongy, M. M.: Z. Physik. Chem. (Neue Folge) 84, 295, 1973 8. Singh, Lallan, Singh, R. T. and Jha, R.C. : J. Indian Chem. Soc, 58, 966-969, 1981 9. Kumar, K., Pandey, S.,Singh, A. and Singh, R. T.: NIRJ Sci., 4, 87-94, 2010 10. Robertson, R. E. and Scott. J. M. W. : Canad. J. Chem. Soc., 55, 372, 1978 11. Dubey, R.B, Singh,.A. K.,Singh, P. K. and Singh, R. T. : NIRJ Sci., 4, 133-139, 2010 12. Elsemongy, M. M.Elamayam, M. S. and Moussa, M.N.H.: Z. Physik. Chem. (New Folge) 84, 295, 1973 13. Saville, B. J. and Hudson, R. F. : J. Chem. Soc., 4114, 1955 14. Kumari, K., Upadhyay, M. K., Kumar, A. and Singh, R. T.: NIRJ Sci.,4,65-72, 2010 15. Barclay, I. A. and Butler, J. A. V. : Trans, Faraday Soc., 34, 1445, 1938 16. J. E. Leffler : J. Org. Chem., 20, 1201, 1955 17. Singh,.A. K., Rai, C. L., Singh, Y. P. and Singh, R. T. :ARJ Phys. Sci., 11, No. (1-2), 167 170, 2008 18. Kumari, V., Kumari, S., Kumari, K. and Singh, R. T. : NIRJ Sci., 3, 87-91, 2009

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RISING TREND IN DIGITAL CONSUMERS

Srinivasan B Iyer

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10712 - 10719

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Digital consumer behaviour is one of the most important metrics that any modern marketer can measure—but we’ve noticed that people are often getting overwhelmed by the sheer number of tools and metrics out there. After all, everyone claims their method (and their method alone) is groundbreaking Digital consumer behaviour, in terms of marketing research, essentially boils down to anything that a person does online. What devices they use, the sites they visit, the ads they engage with, the pages they navigate to, when they leave and how, and so on. If a customer clicks on something, it is recorded—and sometimes even when they don\'t click on something

The objective of the paper is to analysis the growing trend of digital customers in the market and to understand if they will continue to be the same even in future. The researcher has made use of simple tools to understand the behaviour of such digital consumers

Key words: Digital, Consumer, click, Internet

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Bradley, J., Connell, K.O. and Barbier, J. (2015). Winning the New Digital Consumer with Hyper-Relevance. In Retail, Insight Is Currency. http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/solutions/collateral/executive-perspectives/ioe-retail-whitepaper.pdf (05.05.2016). Doma?ska, K. (2009). Kim jest prosument. Marketing w Praktyce, 2, 35–38, http://bazekon.icm.edu.pl/bazekon/element/bwmeta1.element.ekon-ele- ment-000157974803 (06.05.2016). G?ówny Urz?d Statystyczny (2015). Warto?ci i zaufanie spo?eczne w Polsce w 2015 r., Warszawa, http://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/warunki-zycia/ (05.05.2016). Euromonitor (2016). Consumers in 2016: Generation ‘swipe’. Euromonitor (2015). Consumers in the Digital World: Hyperconnectivity and Technology Trends. Evans, M. (2016). Top 3 Trends for the Digital Consumer in 2016, http://blog. euromonitor.com/2016/01/top-3-trends-for-the-digital-consumer-in-2016 (05.05.2016). PWC (2016). (Wspó?)dziel i rz?d?! Twój nowy model biznesowy jeszcze nie istnieje, www.pwc.pl/ekonomia-wspoldzielenia-1-raport-pwc.pdf Stephen, A. (2015). The role of digital and social media marketing in consumer behavior. Current Opinion in Psychology, 12(9), 1689–1699. Tapscott, D. (2008). Net Gen Transforms Marketing. Bloomberg, http://www. bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-11-17/net-gen-transforms-marketing- businessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice Vejlgaard, H. (2012). Anatomia trendu. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer. Wolny, R. (2012). Polski e-konsument na rynku us?ug. Konsumpcja i Rozwój, 1(2), 117–129, http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.

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PERCEPTION OF INDIAN CITIZENS ON THE CONCEPT OF CITIZENSHIP AMENDMENT ACT

Devananda R. & GD Narayana

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10720 - 10725

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The Citizenship amendment act was came into act on 1955. In 1986 some amendments as been made to CAA and once again in 2003 some amendments as been made. In 2016 once again CAA was presented in parliament for some amendments. The Citizen amendment act is an amendment to the old act, passed by the parliament on 11-12-2019, this amendment provides citizenship to those migrants who have entered India before 31-12-2014 suffered from religious persecution or by the fear of religious persecution in their country of origin were made eligible for Indian citizenship, this is only meant for religious minorities like 1) Hindus, 2) Sikhs, 3) Jains, 4) Parsis, 5) Buddhists and 6) Christians only. According to the available information there are only 31,313 migrants are there. 1) Hindus are 25,447 2) Sikhs 5,807 3) Christians 55, 4) Buddhist 2, 5) Parsis 2. These migrants are from neighboring countries like 1) Pakistan 2) Bangladesh, and 3) Afghanistan. Till today the anti CAA protest as claimed 22 precious lives and it as damaged worth of 25000 Crores of rupees income business and properties. Recently CAA issue has claimed 44 precious lives in Delhi itself and hundreds of Citizens are suffering from grievous injuries. CAA was notified by the Union Government of India on 10-01-2020, now CAA mandatory for all citizens of India. CAA can be question under the article 131 of Indian constitution in the apex court of India. There are nearly 57 writ petitions in the apex court of India question in the CAA. After the notification of CAA apex court of India to question CAA, the court will hear the both sides and gives final judgment. After the judgment CAA must be followed by all 28 states and Union territories of India. At present 13 states are opposing CAA as on 21-01-2020.

Objectives of the study:

To study the perception of Indian citizens on CAA

Hypothesis of the study:

There are lot of confusion among the Citizens of India regarding CAA due to communication gap and wrong propaganda on CAA by some peoples and organizations.

Key words: CAA, NRC, CAB, NPR, constitution, parliament.

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Constitution of India, Proceedings of Indian parliament. Websites, journals, News papers and TV channels.

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ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF GUJJAR TRIBE IN SAAL VALLEY OF CHAMBA DISTRICT, HIMACHAL PRADESH

Abhishiant Slariya, Mohinder Kumar & Abhidiksha Slariya

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10726 - 10738

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Gurjjar is a pastoral agricultural ethnic group living mostly in good number of populations in India and Pakistan and a small number in north eastern Afghanistan. In India Gujjar are mostly found in the state of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Harayana, Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh and considered OBC and scheduled tribe in different states. In the state of Himachal Pradesh, Gujjar Tribe is one of the Scheduled Tribes and found in Una, Mandi, Shimla, Kangra and Chamba districts and follow Hinduism and Islam. In Chamba they found in saal, churah and lihal vallies and are mostly Muslim.

The main occupation is buffalo rearing and is the major source of their income. They are doing labour and some settled permanently and doing some agriculture and small businesses. They are most illiterate, but researcher has observed that presently most of the parents are sending their wards to schools. Usually they live in ‘gujjar kothas’ which is made up of mud, clay and wood. The present paper is an attempt to document economic transformation of this tribe who got the status of scheduled tribe in 1950 along with Gaddies and Pangwals in the district by using exploratory method of research and applying suitable statistical and sampling techniques. To see the transformation, a comparative analysis has been done between the present conditions with the conditions they had ten years ago. The study concluded that there is a big difference between economic conditions presently as compared to the conditions ten years ago.

Keywords: Tribe, Scheduled Tribe, Gujjars, Economic Transformation, Employment

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurjar#:~:text=Gurjar%20or%20Gujjar%20are%20a,%2C%20Gurjjar%2C%20Gojar%20and%20G%C5%ABjar. https://iasbhai.com/gujjars-tribe-upsc/ https://www.actionaidindia.org/story/how-the-gujjars-of-chamba-moved-into-the-district-market/ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3577bcc914f9e55d5e4e4f82f9f00e7d4/uploads/2020/05/2020051558.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307919685_Socio-_Religious_Dichotomy_among_the_Gujjars_of_Himachal_Pradesh

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WATER CONSERVATION

Purshotam

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10739 - 10745

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India has 16% of the world’s population and only 4% of the world’s water resources, which are depleting rapidly. The demand for water is expected to grow from 40 billion cubic meters (bcm) currently to around 220 bcm in 2025. Water is one of the most important inputs essential for crops. Both its shortage and excess affect the growth and development of the plants, yields and quality of produce. There are numerous methods to reduce such losses and to improve soil moisture. These are mulching, cropping, planting of trees, utilization of fog order by net-surfacing traps or polythene sheets, contour farming, transfer of water from surplus areas to deficit areas by inter-linking water systems through canals, desalination technologies such as distillation, electro-dialysis and reverse osmosis, use of efficient watering systems such as drip irrigation and sprinklers will reduce the water consumption by plants. The most important step in the direction of finding solutions to issues of water and environmental conservation is to change people\'s attitudes and habits; this includes each one of us.

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Das, M. 2007. Clean India action for water, www.google.com California Energy Commission, California's Water-Energy Relationship (November 2005), p.8 www.ci.tucson.az.us/water/tsnwtr/conserve/outdoor/harvest.htm Vickers, A., 2002. Water Use and Conservation. Amherst, MA: Water Plow Press. p. 434. ISBN 1-931579-07-5. Environment & water India, 2000. 3rd Annual International Exhibition, Conference. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2002. Cases in Water Conservation. (Report). Retrieved on 2010-02-02. Document No. EPA-832-B-02-003. Geerts, S., Raes, D., 2009. Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas. Agric. Water Manage. 96, 1275-1284. Water - Use It Wisely. U.S. multi-city public outreach program. Park & Co., Phoenix, AZ. Accessed 2010-02-02

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CHALLENGES IN PREPARING TEACHERS FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Mrs. J. Aruna

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10746 - 10755

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Inclusive education stands for improvement of schools in all dimensions to address the educational needs of all children. Recommendations to send children with disabilities to mainstream schools were first made in the Sargent Report in 1944, and again in 1964 by the Kothari Commission. Despite this, the change has been slow, with segregation in special schools dominating the scene until recently. There is no need of reinforcing the fact that teacher education remains a very weak link with respect to equipping teachers to be prepared for an inclusive classroom environment. As a result teacher education programs have made attempts to incorporate inclusive education as part of their curricula The teacher education diplomas and degrees offer “Education of children with special needs” as an optional subject, in order to prepare teachers to identify and diagnose disability. The challenges and prospects in India are elucidated in the present paper.

Keywords: Inclusive education, challenges, holistic perspective.

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Alur, M. (2002) Introduction, in hegarty, S & Alur M (eds) (2002) Education and Children with Special Needs: from Segregation to Inclusion, New Delhi: Sage Publications Balagopalan, S. & Subrahmanian, R. (2003) Dalit and Adivasi Children in Schools: Some preliminary Research Themes and Findings, in IDS Bulletin, 34 (1), 2003, Falmer: Institute of Development Studies Banerji, M. and Daily, R.A. 91995). A study of the effects of an inclusion model on students with specific learning disabilities, Journal of Learning Disabilities, 28(8), 511. Bilken, D. and Zollers, N. (1986). The focus of advocacy in the LD field. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 19 579-586. Bishop, M. (1995). Inclusion: Balancing the ups and downs, Momentum, 26(3), 28-30. Davis, S. (1195). Report card on inclusion in the education of students with mental retardation, The ARC: Arlington, TX. Daniel R.R. v. El Paso, 874 F. 2d 1036 (5th Cir. 1989). Ferguson, D.L. (1995). Toward a quality system for all students. Harvard Educational Review, 57, 367-385. Gartner, A. and Lipsky, D.K. (1989). The yoke of special education: How to break it. Rochester, NY: National Center on Education and the Economy. www.yahoo.com

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KUTUMBNIYOJAN SHIKSHAN V ADS JANIV SAMBANDHI MAHITI SAMPRESHAN TANTRADNYAN AADHARIT SADHAN NIRMITI

Sanjay Baban Deokar

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10756 - 10764

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AAPATTI VYAVSTHAPNAT SHALA MAHAVIDYALAYACHI BHUMIKA

Prof. Wayal Laxman Sakharam

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10765 - 10767

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A PARALLEL BETWEEN THE INDIAN CONCEPT OF RASA THEORY AND THE WESTERN THEORIES

Mrs. Swati Braham Singh

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10768 - 10772

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Encyclopedia Britannica 1951 Vol 1 x Page 243 CT Winchester, some principles of literary criticism (Macmillan company (London 1950) P.36 Vishwanath, sahitya Darpan III P-23 JWH Alkins, English literary Criticism in Antiquity Vol J p-18 G Sainsbury, Loci Criticism (Grinn and Co. London 1903) P-43 Nagendra, Tragic pleasure in introduction to India poetics (Macmillan Co. India 1970) p-122-123 TS Eliot, selected prose of Eliot (London Faber and Faber 1975) P-48 Bharata Natyashastra

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EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS -A STUDY ON HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE:

Geetarani

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10775 - 10777

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A new world order came into being out of the ashes of the World War II in 1945, putting respect for human rights alongside peace, security and development as the primary objectives of the United Nations. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, proclaimed in 1948, provided a framework for a series of international human right conventions. Presently almost all the national legislations influenced by these conventions. It is universally recognized that Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms are the birth right of all Human being. The main objective of the study is to investigate the historical development of Human Rights and analyse the philosophical thinking. For conducting this study data was collected from several articles, books and related documents regarding Human Rights as a qualitative paper01

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Md. Kamruzzaman*, Shashi Kanto Das “The Evaluation of Human Rights: An Overview in Historical Perspective”, American Journal of Service Science and Management 2016; 3(2): 5-12 http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/ajssm ISSN: 2381-4489 (Print); ISSN: 2381-4497 (Online) R. M. Kamble “The concept of human rights law in India and international arena”, International journal of legal research and studies, ISSN: 2456-608X Sri. T.K Ramakrishnan, Asst. Professor, PG Department of Political Science, Sree Kerala Varma College, Thrissur “Human rights in India” University of Calicut school of distance education Calicut university P.O,Malappuram Kerala, India673 635 Rokeya, Begum. (1997). Human Rights- An Overview in Historical Perspective, Sociological Journal, J.S.D. Volume 12 No 1, Dhaka

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SARVSAMAVESHAK SAMAJASATHI AANANDADAI SHIKSHAN

Jotsna Mohan Kamble

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10778 - 10782

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IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION IN INDIA AND WORLDWIDE

Pornima Ganesh Kadam

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10783 - 10786

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education https://www.highereducationdigest.com/impact-of-covid-19-on-higher-education/

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THE IMPACT OF ODIA CHILDREN’S POEMS ON THE YOUNG MINDS

Khagendra Sethi

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10787 - 10795

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Bansal, V.P. Educational Psychology. Allahabad: The Indian Pvt. Ltd., 1958. Das, Kunjabihari. Palligita Sanchayana. Biswabharati: Odia Gabesana Parisada, 1974. Das, Ramesh. Odia Shishu-Sahitya Charcha. Bhubaneswar: Nanabaya Prakasani, 2011. Dinkneyer, Don C. Child Development-The Emerging Self Prentice. New Delhi: Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 1967. Jersild Arthur T. Child Psychology. London: Staples Press, 1961. Mill, Stuart. The World of Children. London: Coxton Publishing Company Ltd., 1960. Mohanty, Budhimanta. Shishu Sahitya Digdarshana. Angul: Binapani Prakashani, 1991. Mohanty, Maheswar. Odia Shishusahityare Samajika Prusthavumi. Cuttack: Kahani, 2004. Mohanty, Munindra. Odia Shishu-Sahitya: Unmesha O’ Bikash. Bhubaneswar: Manik-Biswanath Memorial Charitable Trust, 1992. Sahu, Basanta Kishore. Odia Shishu Sahitya Alochana. Cuttack: Saraswati Printing Press, 1994.

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ANALYSIS OF RESTAURANT CARRYING CAPACITY AND IMPACT OF SEASONALITY IN MUKTESHWAR, UTTARAKHAND

Anil Kumar Tamta

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10796 - 10807

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Every tourist destination has many things for a tourist's attraction and limitations to carry them for a certain period of time. A destination is affected due to seasonal variation in tourism and the availability of fixed infrastructure like hotels, restaurants, etc. in the area. Mukteshwar is a tourist destination located in the Nainital district, Kumaun region of Uttarakhand visited by nature-lovers. This is a beautiful place for staying in the lap of nature with amazing lush green mountains which attract tourists around the year. It receives a large number of tourists in the months of May and June and which is recognised as the peak season of tourism in the area. This season provides many earning opportunities to local people, restaurants, hotels, and other stakeholders but also creates issues for them because it has its own limits to carry tourists. This was the intention to start this study for analysing restaurants carrying capacity and impact of peak season in tourism at the place. To carry out the study, a survey research method was applied and data was collected through a structured questionnaire. For offering better services to tourists, restaurants carrying capacity was analysed and suggestions have come out for reducing seasonality impacts and developing sustainable tourism in Mukteshwar. Keywords: Tourist, Destination, Carrying Capacity, Seasonality, Sustainable Tourism

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Butler, R. W. (1994). 'Seasonality in Tourism: Issues and Problems'. In A.V. Seaton (ed) Tourism: State of the Art Chichester; Wiley, 332-339. Butler, R. (1998). Seasonality in tourism: Issues and implications. The Tourist Review, 53(3). O’Reilly, A. M. (1986). Tourism Carrying Capacity: Concept and Issues. Tourism Management, 7(4), 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(86)90035-X Singh, S. K. & Nag, P. (Eds.) (1999). Tourism and Trekking in Nainital region. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company in Collaboration with Prof. S. P. Chatterjee Memorial Foundation, Calcutta.

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A STUDY OF POWER, POLITICS AND POVERTY IN NECTAR IN SIEVE

Ramesh Bhanudas Jaybhaye

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10808 - 10817

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Present paper studies power, politics and poverty with reference to Kamala Markandaya’s ground breaking work Nectar in Sieve (1954). Different approaches, plight, struggle and oppression of women are portrayed by the writer. The author portrayed poverty of the country. The female protagonist, Rukmani brings out the fact of oppressive and stressful life through lives and experiences. It also concentrates on simplicity, ignorance and abject poverty of the rural people. The novel presents social realism by concentrating readers’ attention towards brutal practices like dowry and more. Brutal practices and women’s oppression are not eradicated by root yet from these postmodern Indian societies. Key Words: Oppression, Struggle, Patriarchy, Power, Poverty, Hunger, Threat.

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Markandya, Kamala. Nectar in a Sieve. John Day Company: US and Putnam: UK.1954. Print. Sharma, Lakshimi Kumari. The Position of Woman in Kamala Markandaya's Novel. New Delhi: Prestige Books. 2001. Print.

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SOCIAL MOVEMENT AND POLITICAL CHANGE

Kalinga Ketaki

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10818 - 10826

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Social Movement - Definition of social movement by Webster's Online Dictionary. www.webster-dictionary. org. Scott, John; Marshall, Gordon (2009), "Social movements", A Dictionary of Sociology, Oxford University Diani, Mario (1992). "The concept of social movement". The Sociological Review. 40 (1): 1–25. Ghanshyam Shah, Social Movements and the State 2002. pp. 125-192. Sage. New Delhi. Oommen, T.K. 2004. Nation, Civil Society and Social Movements: Essays in Political Sociology. Sage. New Delhi

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SHRENIBADDH PADDHAT ANI VIDYARTHI MULYAMAPAN

Vishwasrao Sharad Hari

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10827 - 10835

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BHARTIY RAJYGHATNECHE SHILPKAR BHARATRATN DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR

Jagdish Babulal Rathod

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10827 - 10834

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UNDERSTANDING RETAILERS' AWARENESS OF THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LABOUR (PROHIBITION AND REGULATION) ACT, 1986 IN UDAIPUR

Neeta Agarwal & Prof. Anurag Mehta

Received Date: 20/11/2020 | Accepted Date: 30/11/2020 | Published Date: 01/12/2020

Issue: Oct-Nov, 2020 | Volume/Issue:8/42 | Page No.: 10835 - 10847

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Abstract

This paper explores the crucial issue of retailers' awareness regarding the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986 in Udaipur, India. The Act serves as a cornerstone in safeguarding the rights and well-being of children by prohibiting their engagement in hazardous occupations and regulating their work conditions. However, the effective implementation of this legislation necessitates a comprehensive understanding and compliance among retailers operating within specific regions. Through a qualitative exploration, this study examines the extent of awareness among retailers in Udaipur regarding the provisions and implications of the Act. Drawing on interviews, surveys, and observational data, the research elucidates retailers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning child labor regulations. The findings contribute valuable insights to policymakers, advocacy groups, and stakeholders striving to enhance awareness and compliance with child labour regulations, ultimately fostering a safer and more equitable environment for children in Udaipur and beyond.

Keywords: Retailers, Child labour laws, Child and Adolescent Labour Act, Udaipur, Awareness