Education is an instrument which helps individual to develop his personality regardless of sex, race, and stage of development. It is through education that individuals can attain different kinds of knowledge and skills which can help them to appreciate their environment and to respond positively. Kerala Association for Non-Formal Education and Development was documented under the Travancore-Cochin Charitable Societies Act No 12 of 1955, encompassing the members of the Literacy Expert Committee aiming to eliminate illiteracy and strengthening developmental activities with non-formal education. P. N. Panicker was the founder of Kerala Association for Non formal Education and Development and this association was registered on 30 June 1977. This research paper carries an in-depth analysis of role played by Kerala Association for Non formal Education and Development (KANFED)as a voluntary organization in providing opportunities for continuing education for all people in need through its literacy activities and further investigates the reason for the emergence of Kerala as the first totally literate state in India. Key words: Non formal Education, human resource, development, Adult education, KANFED, challenges etc.

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Alok Rajan, Adult Literacy in India, Ocean books pvt ltd. Delhi, 2001. P.64 Bhagirathi Sahu, The New Educational Philosophy, Sarup and Sons Publications, New Delhi, 2002, p.12 C. Kunjirama Kuruppu, Anaupacharika Vidhyabhyasam annual supplement, KANFED, Trivandrum, 1990, p.54

The main purpose of the paper is to explore the relationship between awareness and utilization of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) among college students. Sample of the study comprises of 300 college students (150 males and 150 females) were randomly selected. Normative survey method was employed for data collection. The investigator developed and used an awareness and usefulness of MOOC Programme questionnaire in order to find out the college students’ awareness and usefulness about the MOOC Programme. Three research questions were framed to guide this study. Results revealed that there is significant relationship between Awareness and Usefulness of MOOC among college students. Also, it is found that there is no significant difference between male and female college students in awareness and usefulness of MOOC. Findings revealed that Private college students feel that MOOC programmes are more useful than Government and Government Aided college students. In awareness of MOOC, there is no significant difference found among the college students with respect to type of management. Keywords: MOOC, Awareness, Usefulness, Government, Government Aided, Private

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http://desarrolloweb.dlsi.ua.es/moocs/what-is-a-mooc http://oasis.col.org/bitstream/handle/11599/3333/PCF9_Papers_paper_117.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Jain, R., and Singh, A.K.,(2018). Exploring MOOC Development Methodology for SWAYAM, University News 56(31). July 30-Aug.05.

Indeed, terrorism is not an end but rather a modus operandi. It is not a new phenomenon; it has long been a method of violent action by organisations and individuals attempting to achieve political goals. Terrorism is a serious threat to the security of every nations of the world. The vulnerability of societies to terrorist attacks results in part from the proliferation of chemical, biological, geophysical and nuclear weapons of mass destruction, but it is also a consequence of the highly efficient and interconnected systems that we rely on for key services such as transportation, information, energy, and health care. Evaluation of this vulnerability has focused on the role public health will have detecting and managing the probable covert biological terrorist incident with the realisation that some nation and state infrastructure is already strained as a result of other important public health problems. The plan contains recommendations to reduce vulnerability to biological and chemical terrorism, preparedness, planning, detection and surveillance, laboratory analysis, emergency response and communication systems. This paper thus describes many ways in which science and technology can contribute in making the Human health and Ecosystem safer against the threat of catastrophic terrorism. The report identifies key actions that can be undertaken now, based on knowledge and technologies in hand, and equally important to describes key opportunities for reducing current and future bio-chemical terror risks even further through longer-term research and development activities. Keywords: Terrorism, Vulnerability, Preparedness, Technologies, Response

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Ashraf H. European dioxin-contaminated food crisis grows and grows [news]. Lancet 1999;353: 2049. Davis, CJ. Nuclear blindness: an overview of the biological weapons programs of the former Soviet Union and Iraq. Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5:509-12. Ganor B. The democratic dilemma in counter-terrorism: efficacy vs. democracy and individual rights. In: Ganor B, Azani A, eds. Trends in international terrorism and counterterrorism. Herzliya, Israel: Interdisciplinary Centre Publishing House; 2007. p. 9. Okumura T, Suzuki K, Fukuda A, et al. Tokyo subway sarin attack; disaster management, Part 1: community emergency response. Acad Emerg Med 1998; 5:613-7. Stern J. Getting and using the weapons. In: Howard R, Sawyer R, eds. Terrorism and counterterrorism – understanding the new security environment. New York: McGraw- Hill; 2004. p. 189–191. Torok TJ, Tauxe RV, Wise RP, et al. Large community outbreak of Salmonellosis caused by intentional contamination of restaurant salad bars. JAMA 1997; 278:389-95. Tucker JB. Chemical/biological terrorism: coping with a new threat. Politics and the Life Sciences 1996; 15:167-184. Uncle Fester. Silent death. 2nd ed. Port Townsend, WA: Loompanics Unlimited, 1997.

Each individual is truly unique. Self-esteem, also known as self-respect, is the confidence in one’s worth or abilities. Low self-esteem is the opposite or lack of confidence in one’s own worth. Self-esteem is shaped throughout one’s life, it will increase and decrease throughout life. Self-esteem has both positive and negative affects depending on if an individual has low or high self-esteem. There is more research on the effects of low self-esteem because it usually has to most negative effects on someone’s health. Thus, the investigator intends to study the well-being of scheduled caste students in relation to the self-esteem. For present study, the investigator adopted Survey method and selected 400 undergraduate scheduled caste students as sample. Mean, Standard Deviation and t-test were the statistical techniques used for analysis of data. The study revealed that there is a significant difference on the basis of gender. Further, well-being is influenced by the level of self-esteem. Keywords: Self-esteem, Well-being, Gender

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Arshad, Muhammad, Zaidi, Syed Muhammad Imran Haider and Mahmood, Khalid (2015). Self-Esteem & Academic Performance among University Students. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(1), 156-162 Bhattacharjee, Anjana (2011). Impact of Gender and Community on Locus of Control and Self-Esteem among Undergraduate Students. Indian Journal of Psychology and Mental Health, 5(2), 5-13 Koul, Lokesh (2009). Methodology of educational research. Vikash Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi Malinauskas, Romualdas & Dumciene, Audrone (2016). Psychological wellbeing and self-esteem in students across the transition between secondary school and university: A longitudinal study. Psihologija, 50(3), 1–16 Patel, Ashok Kumar, Tiwari, Shraddesh Kumar and Singh, Suman (2018). Self-esteem and life satisfaction among university students of Eastern Uttar Pradesh of India: A demographical perspective. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(3), 382-386. ISSN-p- 2229-4937, c-2921-368X Sonal, D. Parmar (2014). Gender and Economic Status Effect on Self-Esteem among College Students. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2(1) https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Self-Esteem-And-Self-Esteem-FCU3TCM5G6

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A??haka Navaka Dasaka Ek?dasakanip?ta P??i, 1958, Ministry of Religious Affairs Press, Yangon. Suttanip?ta Atthakath?, (Dutiyobh?go). 1958, Ministry of Religious Affairs Press, Yangon. Sanyutta A??hakath?, (Pathamobhägo). 1970, Ministry of Religious Affairs Press, Yangon. . Khuddakap?tka Dhammapada Ud?na Itivuttaka Suttanip?ta P??i, 1972, Ministry of Religious Affairs Press, Yangon.

Adjustment is an important part of the behavior. It is a learned behavior by which a person copes up with the changed environment. Students have to adjust themselves in new environment of college after passing the secondary school. To understand the problem of adjustment in college student a study was conducted in 2020 between boys and girls at undergraduate level. In this study we used the stratified random sampling technique. The tool used to measure the adjustment level of students is: Adjustment Inventory for College Students developed by A.K.P Sinha and R.P Singh in 1995. Areas of Adjustment were Locality (Home), Health Adjustment, Social Adjustment, Emotional Adjustment and Educational Adjustment In all the categories boys were found better adapted than the girls except health adaptation.

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S. Menaga &. V. Chandrasekaran (2015). A study on adjustment of college students, Scholarly Research Journal for interdisciplinary Studies, VOL-III/XVI pp:2622-2629. Roy B., Ekka A., Ara A. (2010). Adjustment among university students, Journal for social Development. Vol.2. (2), ISDR. Ranchi Dr. Priyanka Sharma, Nisha Saini (2013). Health, social and emotional problems of college students, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 14( 5): 21-34. Roy B., Ekka A.,& Ara, A. (2010). Adjustment among university students, Journal for social Development. Vol.2. (2), ISDR. Ranchi. Kurvilla & Maly, (2006). Sex and local difference in emotional adjustment of adolescents, J. Comm.Guid.res., 23(3) 285-291. Lagner V.K. (1962). Local and sex difference in health adjustment of students, J. Comm. Guid.res 16(2): 200-235.

The Author wants to shed some light on the limitations the judiciary has to keep in mind while sentencing a convict in the court of law. The author figures out that there is a lack of sentencing guidelines to the judges that leads to varied award of punishments for the same crimes by different convicts. The judges were given this power to take into consideration of the nature of the crime, the circumstances and the mental and physical element of the accused. Comparing empirical data with international laws of the US and UK to India, the authors show the need of bringing the same as pointed out by many law commissions. The author also found out that death penalty only diminishes reformation and creates a contrast with what other countries are doing. The author also points out other limitations such as lack of awarding adequate fines, applying probation act, filing under children courts and legal aids amongst other and provides suggested changes. Keywords: Judiciary, Sentencing Guidelines, Death Penalty, Sentencing limitations, Malimath Committee.

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The Law Commission of India, One Hundred and Fifty Fourth, Report on The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, (Act No. 2 of 1974) 1996. Govt. of India. Committee on Reforms of Criminal Justice System, Vol I, India March 2003 (Justice Malimath Committee) Govt. of India. Sreedhar K. (2001) Criminal Justice System-Required Reforms, Vol. 43 No. 2 Journal of Indian Institute of Law. Page. 155-173. 2021, May. Sharma, N. (2020). India and Its Regressive Step In Crime and Punishment. retrieved from https://www.mondaq.com/india/crime/882448/india-and-its-regressive-step-in-crime-and-punishment on 22/05/2021 Donohue, J. (2016) Empirical Analysis and the fate of capital punishment. Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy. Page 51-106. 2021, May. Ref No. 27/RN/Ref./October/2015, Capital Punishment in India, Lok Sabah Secretariat. 2021, May. Kameswari, G., & Rao, V. (1999) The sentencing process — problems and perspectives. Journal of Indian law institute 41(3/4), 452-459. 2021, May. Crime In India,(2019) National Crime Records Bureau Ministry of Home Affairs. retrieved form https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/CII 2019 Volume 1.pdf. 2021, May. Sentencing Policy in U.K. And U.S.A. retrieved from https://www.cusb.ac.in/images/cusbfiles/2020/el/law/w2/Sentencing%20in%20UK%20and%20USA%20LL.M.pdf. 2021, May. Report of a review of the sentencing framework for England and wales, (2001) retrieved from Sentencing Guidelines: England and Wales | Law Library of Congress (loc.gov). 2021, May. Modi Ram and Lala V. The state of Madhya Pradesh AIR 1972 SC 2438 Rameshwar Dayal and Ors. V. state of Uttar Pradesh 1978 AIR 158 State of Punjab V. Prem Sagar and Ors. (2008)7SCC550 Soman V. State of Kerala Crl. Appeal No. 104 of 2008 The Constitution of India.

Nowadays wherever in the community is there is fear, unrest, inhumanity. This is because of the lack of minimum values in individuals and the lack of knowledge of importance of life. So the minimum values, the importance of life can change the personality of the persons if taught from the school stage. The secondary education commission has pointed out that schools are not only imparting knowledge centers but they should aim at giving enjoyment and develop productivity for better living of the child. According to father of Indian nation MK Gandhi “If wealth is lost nothing is lost, If health is lost something is lost, If character is lost everything is lost” best of all things is character. For example, all of us knows the proverb of “No bending when it is a plant, why bending when it is a tree”. Through this paper, I would like to say that the value of eternal philosophical values can be improved by practicing human values at school stage. Keywords: fear, unrest, inhumanity, lack of knowledge.

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Das, Sayan (2008). Value based education. Retrieved on September 23, 2010 from http://theviewspaper.net/value-based-education/ Kumar, Pradeep (2009). Role of value education in contemporary society. Retrieved on September 29, 2010 from http://www.indiastudychannel.com/forum/24476-Role-Value-Education-Contemporary-Society.aspx. Reddy, Naraganti. Important of moral values in the present day situation. Retrieved on September 29, 2010 from http://ezinearticels.com/?importance-of-Moral-Values-in-the-Present-Contemporary-society.aspx. Dr.Kinjal Bhatt is Principal, NAICE: The primary school, Bhavanager, Gujarat. Vyas, H.(1997).Naitik Shiksha: Saishav se uchch Prithamic stur tak. Primary Teacher, 22 (1),18-20. Tyler, M.W.(1999).Social work values: Self-analysis needed for the twenty-first century. The Indian Journal of social work.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Aerobics Dance training programme on Flexibility. Randomly selected 60 high school boys were divided into two equal groups as A and B. After taking the pre-test for Aerobics Dance training programme was given to experimental groups A where as the group B was a control group. The experimental group ‘A’ had undergone the training programme in Aerobics Dance, thrice a week for 16 weeks. Two middle tests after 5 weeks and 10 weeks and a post test were conducted. The t-test was employed to analyse the significance of difference from the pre-test to post test on selected variable. The result reveals that there was significant improvement in Flexibility for the experimental group as a result of the training programme conducted for a period of four months. Key Words:- Aerobics Dance, Flexibility, Experimental Group, Control Group

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Dick, Frank (1980) Sports Training Principles. London: Henry Kimpton Publishers. Wall, Jennifer and Murray Nancy (1989) Children and Movement. USA: Wm. C. Brown Publishers. Ted, A Baumgartner, Andrew, S. Jackson (1995) Measurement for Evaluation in Physical Education and Exercise Science. 5th Edn, Dubuque: Wm.C. Brown Communications, Inc. Rothstein, L. Anne (1985) Research Design and Statistics for Physical Education. New Jersey: Eaglewood cliff. Genova, Jackie (1983) Work That Body. The Aerobics Way to Fitness and Well-being. London: Trans World Publishers Ltd.

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We are all interested in well-being, consciously or subconsciously, as together we create well-being. In recent years, researchers, academician, policy-makers and politicians have been directly concerned with well-being, which has been viewed variously as happiness, satisfaction, enjoyment, contentment; and engagement and fulfillment, or a combination of these, and other, hedonic and eudemonic factors. Well-being is also viewed as a process, something we do together, and as sense making, rather than just a state of being. It is acknowledged that in life as a whole there will be periods of ill-being, and that these may add richness to life. It has also been recognized that well-being and the environment are intimately interconnected. Certainly, well-being is seen to be complex and multifaceted, and may take different forms. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the well-being of undergraduate students in relation to their gender. The sample for this study comprised 150 undergraduate students. To measure the well-being, Well-Being Index developed by Dr. Vijayalaxmi Chouhan & Dr. Varsha Sharma was used. Study revealed that female undergraduate students possessed high well-being than that of male undergraduate students. Keywords: Well-being, Gender, Undergraduate students

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Asrani, Shalini and Kaushik, Sushma (2011). Problems Perceived by Scheduled Caste Women in Haryana. Studies of Tribes and Tribals, 29-36. Bala, Saroj (2013). Status of Dalit Women in India: Present Scenario. International Research Wisdom, 1(4), 3133 Daraei, Mina (2013). Social correlates of psychological Well-Being among Undergraduate students in Mysore city. 114(2), 567-590

All the children with special needs must be enrolled in primary schools. After the assessment of their disabilities by a team of a doctor, a psychologist, and a special educator, in schools, the child will be placed in appropriate educational settings. Children with mild and moderate disabilities of any kind may be integrated in normal schools, severe in special schools/ remedial schools, drop outs who have problems in availing benefits of normal schools can join open schools. All the children with learning disabilities alone are first managed in the normal schools. Open and special schools also offer vocational courses also for children with disabilities. The child with mental retardation has special needs in addition to the regular needs of all children, and parents can find themselves over whelmed by various medical, care giving, financial and educational responsibilities. Government of India, “The National Policy on Mental Handicap”, has emphasized the importance of home-based care with parents as partners in the care process. The present paper focused on the study of teaching strategies and learning materials for mentally retired children with prime objectives are (i) To understand importance and innovative best practices for mentally special school children’s (ii) To discuss the role of teacher in the mentally special school children’s. Key Words: Teaching strategies, learning materials, mentally retired children

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Brust JD, Leonard BJ, Sielaff BH. Maternal time and the care of disabled children.Public Health Nurs. 1992 Sep;9(3):177-84. Gathwala.G, Gupta. S. family burden in Mentally Handicapped children. Indian Journal of community medicine 2004;vol 24No.4. Booth CL, Kelly JF.Child care and employment in relation to infants' disabilities and risk factors. American Journal of Mental Retardation. 1999;March; 104(2):117-30.

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Through this paper the researcher seeks to examine the status quo of literature. Leading to the present day there have been milestones that attribute to the time a literary era. Following the similar trend, the researcher aims to categorically ascertain instrumental factors that are shaping the current era and thereby deciding the theme that will inflect the literary works being produced in this time. The writer seeks to differentiate between varying influences that lead to the creation of the present and thereby arrive at an estimable preview of the coming realities. Keywords: Literary Eras, Chaos, Defence of Poetry, Diagnosis of Present Era

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Ferber, Michael (2012). The Cambridge Introduction to British Romantic Poetry. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–8. ISBN 978-0-521-76906-8. Todorov, Tzvetan; Howard, Richard (1976). "The Fantastic: A Structural Approach to a Literary Genre". The Slavic and East European Journal. 20 (2): 186–189. doi:10.2307/305826. JSTOR 305826. Retrieved 2021-04-17 – via JSTOR. Jump up to: Pavel, Thomas (2003). "Literary Genres as Norms and Good Habits". New Literary History. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 34 (2): 201–210. doi:10.1353/nlh.2003.0021. JSTOR 20057776. S2CID 144429849. Retrieved 2021-04-17 – via JSTOR. Kvas, Kornelije (2019-11-19). The Boundaries of Realism in World Literature. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-7936-0911-3. Casey, Christopher (October 30, 2008). ""Grecian Grandeurs and the Rude Wasting of Old Time": Britain, the Elgin Marbles, and Post-Revolutionary Hellenism". Foundations "Film: Inception". Lumiere. Archived from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved November 7, 2017. "WarnerBros.com - Inception". Warner Bros. Archivedfrom the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved March 19,2020.

The global pandemic has changed the total normal situation of everyone. This has created a terrifying situation in Everyone’s mind. “What is going to happen next?” What will be my fate? What will be my family’s condition? What about my loved ones? What will be the status of our universe? These are few apprehensions continuously going on the minds of all. It’s a frightening time. We all are facing a worldwide pandemic, with cities and even entire countries shutting down. Some of us are in red zones. Some fear to be in red zone any time. For months, almost every newspaper has stories about the coronavirus pandemic on its front page; radio and TV programmes have back-to-back coverage on the latest death tolls; social media platforms are filled with frightening statistics, practical advice and some rumours also. At this juncture it is normal for people to experience a wide range of thoughts, feelings and reactions including: Feeling stressed or overwhelmed, Anxiety, worry, or fear, Racing thoughts, Sadness, tearfulness, loss of interest in usual enjoyable activities, Physical symptoms, such as increased heart rate, stomach upset, fatigue, or other uncomfortable sensations, Frustration, irritability, or anger, Restlessness or agitation, Feeling helpless, Difficulty concentrating or sleeping, Feeling disconnected from others, Apprehension about going to public spaces, Trouble relaxing. It is the hardest situation to manage. It is very easy to catastrophize and spiral out into overwhelming dread and panic. But there are many solutions to overcome this catastrophic situation. The present paper discusses the role of emotional Intelligence to cope with this precarious situation. Key Words: Pandemic, Catastrophic, emotional intelligence, Coping

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Maria Belen Vergara, Norris Smith, Bruce Keele, Emotional Intelligence, Coping Responses, and Length of Stay as Correlates of Acculturative Stress Among International University Students in Thailand, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 5, 2010, pp. 1498-1504, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042810016897 https://earth5r.org/covid-19-coronavirus-and-other-pandemics/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-health/emotional-intelligence-eq.htm

In the present work, we've reported the electronic structure, spin state, and optical properties of a replacement class of transition-metal (TM) dinuclear molecules (TM = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni). the steadiness of those molecules has been analyzed from the vibration spectra obtained by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The ground-state spin configuration of the tetra-coordinated TM atom in each molecule has been predicted from the relative total energy differences in several spin states of the molecule. The DFT + U method has been accustomed investigate the precise ground-state spin configuration of every molecule. We further performed time-dependent DFT calculations to check the optical properties of those molecules. The planar geometric structure remains intact in most of the cases; hence, these molecules are expected to be adsorbed and self-assembled on metal substrates. additionally, the optical characterization of those molecules indicates that the absorption spectra have an outsized peak within the blue-light wavelength range; therefore, it can be suitable for advanced optoelectronic device applications. Our work promotes further computational and experimental studies on TM dinuclear molecules within the field of molecular spintronics and optoelectronics. Keywords: Electronic Structure, Optical Properties, Transition-Metal, Dinuclear Molecules, Investigation

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Patai S.; Rappoport Z.. The Chemistry of the Quinonoid Compounds; Wiley: New York, 1988; Vol. 2, Parts 1 and 2. Lekin K.; Leitch A. A.; Assoud A.; Yong W.; Desmarais J.; Tse J. S.; Desgreniers S.; Secco R. A.; Oakley R. T. Benzoquinone-Bridged Heterocyclic Zwitterions as Building Blocks for Molecular Semiconductors and Metals. Inorg. Chem. 2018, 57, 4757–4770. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00485. Elhabiri M.; Siri O.; Sornosa-Tent A.; Albrecht-Gary A.-M.; Braunstein P. Acid–Base Sensors Based on Novel Quinone-Type Dyes. Chem.—Eur. J. 2004, 10, 134–141. 10.1002/chem.200305206. Su M.; Liu Y.; Ma H.; Ma Q.; Wang Z.; Yang J.; Wang M. 1,9-Dihydro-3-phenyl-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolin-4-one, a novel fluorescent probe for extreme pH measurement. Chem. Commun. 2001, 960–961. 10.1039/b101685g. Izumi Y.; Sawada H.; Sakka N.; Yamamoto N.; Kume T.; Katsuki H.; Shimohama S.; Akaike A. p-quinone mediates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic neuronal death and ferrous iron accelerates the conversion of p-quinone into melanin extracellularly. J. Neurosci. Res. 2005, 79, 849–860. 10.1002/jnr.20382. Routaboul L.; Braunstein P.; Xiao J.; Zhang Z.; Dowben P. A.; Dalmas G.; Da Costa V.; Félix O.; Decher G.; Rosa L. G.; Doudin B. Altering the Static Dipole on Surfaces through Chemistry: Molecular Films of Zwitterionic Quinonoids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 8494–8506. 10.1021/ja212104b.

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It is imperative to note that the participation of women in economic activities as self employed individual. Many of the traditional occupations open to women were mainly based on caste and creed and nature of self-employment is based on the standard of living. Presently not only women are get employed in both organized and unorganized sector but are also providing employment to others in these sectors. The country needs to mobilise and utilise fully all it resources including human resources to have a self-reliant India. The participation of women in economic activities is not only necessary for raising the standard of women but also to achieve self-reliant India. The economic status of women is now accepted as an indicator of a society's stage of development and women play a vital role in the economy to earn bread and butter for their family. There is no doubt the fact that women are disproportionately impacted during this pandemic crisis. Historically it has been documented that economic crisis widen existing inequalities for women across the globe. Nearly 40% women in wage employment are estimated to lack access to social protection mechanism. In fact, this pandemic and lockdown have badly hit the women globally. Though women are highly affected by the present pandemic situation and many women lost their jobs during the COVID-19 as compare to their male counterpart but still in many areas women have come forward to take the responsibilities of their family due to loss of employment of their spouses. Therefore, it's become imperative for the government to form policies for the development of entrepreneurship among women. The long-term objective of the development program is to make women self-reliant to have a self-reliant India in future. This paper will throw light on importance of women entrepreneurship for the economic development of India and various problem of women entrepreneurship during pandemic.

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Ganeshmurty V.S.R.Ganapati.C.Arjun, Women in the Indian EconomyEconomic Review Delhi.p60 Rastogi MP Economic Prospectus and Projections in the circumstances during the Covid Period 2020,Economic review Mangalore.p-35 Internet

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Abbas, P. J., & Brown, C. J. (1991). Electrically evoked auditory brainstem response: Growth of response with current level. Hearing Research, 51, 123-138. Abbas, P. J., Brown, C. J., Shallop, J. K., Firszt, J. B., Hughes, M. L., Hong, S. H., & Staller, S. J. (1999). Summary of results using the nucleus CI24M implant to record the electrically evoked compound action potential. Ear and Hearing, 20(1), 45-59. Allen, T. (1986). Patterns of academic achievement among hearing impaired students. In Schildroth, S. & Karchmer, M. (Eds.), Deaf children in America (pp. 161-206). San Diego, CA: Little and Brown. Allum, J. H., Greisiger, R., Straubhaar, S., & Carpenter, M. G. (2000). Auditory perception and speech identification in children with cochlear implants tested with the EARS protocol. British Journal of Audiology, 34, 293-303. Archbold, S. M., Nikolopoulos, T. P., Nait, M., O'Donoghue, G. M., Lutman, M. E., & Gregory, S. (2000). Approach to communication, speech perception and intelligibility after paediatric cochlear implantation. British Journal of Audiology, 34(4), 257-264. Balkany, T., Hodges, A., & Luntz, M. (1996). Update on cochlear implantation. Otolaryngological Clinics of North America, 29, 227-289.

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In the modern agriculture, major inputs are- fertilizer, insecticide, pesticide and farm operation with heavy machinery developed by the middle of 20th century in Europe and USA. In India, it was on peak in late sixties or seventies with the green revolution. Ayurvedic ethical formulations contribute the remaining sum. Cosmetic industry as well as aroma therapy are two important areas where Indian medicinal plants and their extracts, essential oil can contribute globally. Medicinal and aromatic plants have a high market potential with the world demand of herbal products growing of the rate of 7 per cent annum. The yield parameters of ginger might improve significantly because of improved the physical, chemical and biological condition of the soil. The organic and bio-fertilizers provide better platform to grow the root properly. The yield may be increased due to provide phosphorous and other nutrients at root initiation in turmeric rhizome. Azospirilium might have enhanced the activity of growth promoting substance, jointly all have promoted better nutrient uptake and subsequently increase the rhizome yield of turmeric. The curcumin content increased in turmeric and were higher in T5 treatment because of enhancement the activity of microbes and other physical condition of soil. Similar results also found by Dash et-al 2008. The application of NPK positively impact the yield and nutrient value of turmeric because of supply of rich nutrient which desired for metabolism and bio chemical changes. The yield parameters of TURMERIC might improve significantly because of improved the physical, chemical and biological condition of the soil. The organic and bio-fertilizers provide better platform to grow the root properly. Keywords: Yield parameters, T5 treatment, Organic farming, Green manuring crops.

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Aishwath, O.P. (2005b). Coefficient of variation and correlation coefficient in underground water quality parameters in and adjoining municipal area of Boriavi, Gujarat. Pollution Research 24: 9-17. Aishwath, O.P., Chandra, R., Kumar, D. and Jha, B.K. (2005). Yield and uptake of macro- nutrients by isabgol (Plantago ovata) with N and P under medium soil fertility. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 53: 410 – 412.

Social Problem solving is the process by which individuals identify and enact solutions to social life situation in an effort to alter the problematic nature of the situation, their relation to the situation, or both. In 21st Century along with technical skills we also have to emphasize on communication skills, Interpersonal skills and social problem solving skills. Social problem solving skills are critical to a child’s social interactions, personal and professional relationship. We will identify and understand what society is and what our responsibilities . Survey method was used for this study. Tool of the study is five point scale-check list. Results indicated that most of student teachers having lack of social problem solving skills. Keywords: Social Emotional Learning, Social problem solving, 21st Century Learning

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https://www.reserchgate.net https://www.headinjury.com Dr. Dunakhe Arvind, (2007) Education in Emerging Indian society, Diamond Publication, pune

An innovative new paradigm in social development must serve as the foundation for a new paradigm in education. It is crucial to adapt prenatal education to the quickly shifting demands of society. A student-centered educational system is necessary, with the goal of maximising everyone's potential. Quality education can now be made widely accessible and affordable. The drudgery of unresisted knowledge transfer and memorization can be replaced by the excitement of active literacy, which encourages inquiry, exploration, and original thought. Additionally, it can aid in eradicating disciplinary barriers on an intellectual level, allowing for a more thorough, transdisciplinary, and integrated approach to information. A revolution in advanced education is upon us. The present paper concentrates on the ‘Blended Learning Strategy (BLS)’, a new paradigm for teacher education, with objectives (i) To know and understand the concept of Blended Learning Strategy (BLS). (ii) To analyze the Significance of ‘Blended Learning Strategy (BLS)’ for Student Centric Education. (iii) To illustrate Role of Teacher in ‘Blended Learning Strategy (BLS)’. Keywords: ‘Blended Learning Strategy (BLS)’, New paradigm, Teacher Education

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Johannesen T, Eide EM. The role of the teacher in the age of technology: Will the role change with use of Information and communication technology in education? European Journal of Open, Distance and E-learning, 2000, 3(2). Jones MJ, Araje LB (2002) The impact of constructivism on education- Language, Discourse, and Meaning. American Communication Journal 5: 1-10. Elias MJ, Zins JE, Weissberg RP, Frey KS, Greenberg MT, et al. (1997) Promoting social and emotional learning-Guidelines for educators. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Alexandria.

Today’s world is the world of science and technology. In each sector, technology is used.
Education is the prime sector for the development of the society. In the education, sector
technology is used very effectively and efficiently. Blended learning is the combination of
classroom teaching as well as online teaching. In this method, there is a combination of digital
learning tools with more traditional classroom (face-to-face) teaching. In Blended, learning
students and teachers will elaborate in a better way. Students get the flexibility to work within
their own schedules. There is transparency in group progress. There are six models of Blended
learning - Face-to-face driver model, online driver model, Rotation model, Flipped classroom,
Flex model, and individual rotation model. In the present stage in education sector has fully
recognized the huge advantages of blended learning. This method enriches the experiences of
students. Students will learn what is true and develop critical thinking among students.

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Present conceptual paper focused on to National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and understand the various new trends in the 21st century for enhancement of Geo-Literacy. Now in the 21st century the New Trends playing very vital role for sustainable development. NEP focused on a quality teacher education program is rational and streamlined to address specific pedagogical issues. It elucidates the ideas about what constitutes good teaching and the content and scope of course work and practical experiences. New trends can also introduce new methods that could give you a potential lead over your online competition. Now in the current era, the term Geo-Literacy is a new term for a long-standing idea consisting of three components: interactions, interconnections and implications. The term Geo-Literacy is the very significant for ability to use geographic understanding and geographic reasoning to make far-reaching decisions to all human beings. Now, as a human being, we are making decisions about where to live or what precautions to take for natural hazards, we all make decisions that require geo-literacy throughout our lives.  

The present paper emphasized with prime objectives are- (i) To understand the basic features of NEP 2020  and various new trends in 21st Century. (ii) To analyze the importance of new trends in 21st century. (iii) To discuss the role of new trends in the 21st century in development of                  Geo-Literacy.  Geo-literacy is the very significant term that National Geographic has adopted to describe the understanding of how our world works that all members of modern society require. In the society perspective the term Geo-literacy is the very important for sustainable development and also ability to reason about earth systems and interconnections to make far-reaching decisions.

Job satisfaction is the positive or negative attitude of employees about this kind of subjects. Consequently, job satisfaction depends on a person who takes his job positively or negatively in his own career. It expresses the extent of match between employees, expectation of the job and the reward that the job provides. The factors of physical conditions and social nature affect job satisfaction and productivity. There are so many factors which directly or indirectly affect the satisfaction of teachers regarding their job, like relation with high authorities, relation with colleagues, relation with students etc. If the higher authorities or the principal is highly disciplined, then there will be more satisfaction among teachers because each and everything will be up to date. Teachers will get more opportunities to develop their talent. Quality of work-life may be set into operation in terms of employee perceptions of their physical and psychological well being at work. It includes virtually every major issue that labor has fought for during the last two decades. It is a term that has been used to describe the broader job-related experiences an individual has. Quality of work-life has been defines as “The quality of relationship between the employees and the total working environment.” Quality of work-life is concerned with the overall climate of work and the impact on work and people as well as on organization effectiveness. Quality of work-life incorporates hierarchy of perspectives that not only include work based factors such as job satisfaction, satisfaction with pay and relationship with work colleagues, but also factors that broadly reflects life situation and general feelings of well being. Quality of work-life refers to the favorableness or un favorableness of the work environment. Quality of work-life is a key indicator of the overall quality of human experience at the workplace. For a healthy and prosperous nation, we need quality in work-life among teachers. Job satisfaction leads to the provision of quality in work-life and hence necessary.

Key words – Job Satisfaction, Quality of Work-Life, Career Development, Work Patterns,

Work-Life Balance.

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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted traditional educational systems, necessitating a sudden shift to online teaching and learning. This transition revealed multiple challenges for educators, students, institutions, and policymakers worldwide. This article examines the core challenges encountered during this shift, including issues of digital divide, pedagogical adjustments, assessment limitations, student engagement, and mental health. The study draws on secondary data, expert opinions, and recent studies to present an informed overview of the problems and suggests strategies for more resilient, inclusive, and effective online education. The findings highlight the need for technological investment, teacher training, student support systems, and flexible pedagogical models to ensure continuity and equity in education during crises.

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The objective of this research is to investigate the present status of soft skills of senior secondary school teachers. Researcher also studied soft skills of teachers genderwise (male and female). For this purpose, a sample of 125 teachers (50 male and 75 female) of senior secondary schools was taken from Nagar Nigam, Meerut using simple random sampling technique. For the collection of data, Descriptive survey method was used. Soft skills inventory developed by the researcher was administered on a selected sample to collect the data.For data analysis, Frequencies and percentages were used. The result reveals that the majority of senior secondary school teachers possess a moderate level of soft skills in overall and genderwise.

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