An Internationl Peer Reviewed

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Sep - Oct, 2022, Vol-10/73

Impact Factor: 7.380

ISSN: 2278-8808

Date: 2022-11-01

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SEPT-OCT, 2022 Vol-10/73

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PRATHAMIK VIDYALAYON KE SANDARBH ME SHIKSHA KA ADHIKAR ADHINIYAM (2009) ME CHINHIT AADHARBHOOT SHAIKSHIK SANRACHANA KA ADHYAYAN

Mridul Kumar Singh

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17548 - 17554

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PIMPARI-CHINCHWAD PARISARATIL BALGUNHEGARI: EK SAMAJIK VA ARTHIK SAMASYA

Asha Yashwant Sakunde & Sangita Salave

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17555 - 17564

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CHILDREN OF TIME: A POST-APOCALYPTIC STUDY IN WORLDBUILDING AND EVOLUTION OF A NON-HUMAN SPECIES

Shubham Pandey

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17565 - 17570

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Children of time is a story that undertakes a herculean endeavor: a fascinating attempt at worldbuilding, creating a snapshot as it were of the evolution of a particular species from simple biological creatures to wise and sentient beings. Aside from being a cogent account of a new world order in which intelligent spiders are at the top of the food chain and humans are the belligerent outsiders and colonizers seeking to seize control from the intelligent arthropods, Adrian Tchaikovsky’s novel also highlights the pertinent issue of ecological damage caused by anthropogenic activities which is rapidly taking the planet toward a cataclysmic event, the Sixth Extinction. Keywords: Post apocalypse, Worldbuilding, terraforming, God Complex, dystopia, Anthropocene, Xenophobia, Grotesque
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Tchaikovsky, Adrian. ‘Children of Time’, UK: Pan Macmillan, 2015. Print. Geraci, M Robert, “Apocalyptic AI: Religion and the Promise of Artificial Intelligence”, Journal of the American Academy of Religion , Mar., 2008, Vol. 76, No. 1 (Mar., 2008), pp. 138-166 Published by: Oxford University Press

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CONTRIBUTIONS OF ROYAL MUGHAL WOMEN IN ECONOMIC FIELD

Dinesh Kumar & Dinesh Mandot

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17571 - 17580

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Women occupy a critical place in every stratum and society. Royal Mughal ladies played a considerable role in the economic field during the Mughal period. The Mughal age was marked by overall prosperity and growth in all the spheres of life. There was hectic economic activity in the country, which led to growth of trade and commerce. India commodities like textiles, spices, and exotic products like opium and dyes were in great demand in the countries of west Asia and North Africa. The items of import were gold, silver, ivory, pearls, precious gems, horses etc. Mughal women made a fairly large but little appreciated contribution to the development of trade and commerce in the country. Besides participating in economic activities, Mughal royal ladies saw to the construction of markets and caravan sarais. Therefore, encouraging and faciliating trade conditions in the country. The present article deals with contribution of the royal Mughal ladies in economic property of the Mughal empire which occupies a unique place in the annals of India. Keywords: Royal, Mughal, Ladies, Economic, Trade, Commerce, Contribution
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Muhammad Thair Inayat Khan, Shah Jahan Nama. MS no. 70, Buhar Collection, National Library, Calcutta, Tr. And Ed. W.E. Begley and Z.A. Desai : Oxford University Press, 1990. Nur-ud-Din Muhammad, Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri. Tr. Alexander Rogers, Ed. Henry Beveridge (2 Vols.) Delhi, Low Price Publications, 1989.

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MAHILA SASHAKTIKARAN ANI ANANDI SHIKSHANAT MAHILANCHI MAHATVAPURN BHOOMIKA

Sarika Gautam Bahirat

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17581 - 17587

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A STUDY OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PSYCHO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AMONG B.ED TRAINEES

Deepika Bhatt & Prakash Chandra Upreti

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17588 - 17594

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With rapid digitalization, the use of social -media is increasing in our lives. It has become fourth meal of the day. Young or old no one is left behind who may not have used any of the social media platforms. This study was set out to determine social media addiction and it’s influence on parent- child interaction and social-interaction and behaviour among B.Ed. trainees. The study was conducted with 70 students enrolled in B.Ed. training programme of Government colleges in Kumaun University. For the data collection a structured interview schedule on social media addiction, parent-child interaction and social interaction and behaviour were used. The results showed that students have a moderate to high level of addiction. 56% of them usually spend 5-7 hours each day on social media. They check their phones while at study or work as well. 78% accepted, they keep on checking social media account when they talk with friends and colleagues. Only 50% of them spend 3-5 hours with parents daily and carry phone while having meal with their family. And when in stress 45% prefer to spend time alone than to have time with friends and 30% use social media to hang upon. Most of them use social media for their leisure and personal socialization and when they get free time are pre-occupied with phones. Keywords: Digitalization, social- media-addiction, social-interaction.
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Akram S. M, Raj U, 2017. Internet addiction and mental health among medical students of selected university in Manglore Karnataka. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 7 (online First)

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SHAHID SHIROMANI TILAKA MANZI

Raj Kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17595 - 17601

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PROJECTION OF WOMEN IN NAIPAUL’S INDIAN TRAVELOGUES

Ankita Chaudhary & Gaurav Sharma

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17602 - 17614

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This paper seeks to represent the Indian women in V.S. Naipaul’s Indian travelogues – An Area of Darkness, India: A Wounded Civilization, and India: A Million Mutinies Now. Naipaul’s three books on India are not only a discourse of a diasporic individual who returns to his ancestral land to re-establish the severed ties with the homeland, but it is also a cultural, social, political, and economic representation of India towards the end of the nineteenth century. While portraying the lives of Indians in these three books, Naipaul has also portrayed how Indian women cope with the changing society. Through years of discrimination and subjugation holding them back, Indian women gradually stand up against the patriarchal society, and Naipaul’s on his three books on India record how these women cope with the changing societal norms. Keywords: identity, mimicry, poverty, education, working women, dowry, prejudice, marriage
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Agnihotri, Indu, and Vina Mazumdar. "Changing Terms of Political Discourse: Women's Movement in India, 1970s-1990s." Economic and political weekly (1995): 1869-1878. Calman, Leslie J. "Women and movement politics in India." Asian Survey 29.10 (1989): 940-958. Gupta, Suman. V.S. Naipaul. New Delhi: Northcote House Publishers-Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. 2010. Print

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ADHUNIK SAMPRESHAN (SUCHANA KAUSHAL) KE VIKAS ME SANVEGIK BUDDHI KI UPADEYATA

Ummed Singh

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17615 - 17620

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TRENDS IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL TEACHERS

Uma Mageswari E. & Nalini V.

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17621 - 17628

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School teachers play the pivotal role in establishing students’ interest in learning every day. Teachers are the direct implementers of the school curriculum in the classroom. These teachers inspire the students to think critically and creatively. School teachers really shape the society so that school could aid not just by its role in developing the society but sustainable development in particular. Teachers are also active learners. They learn from their students most especially in the changing society as well as the changing behaviors of the students. Teachers are themselves learning throughout their teaching career. Good teachers are always in search of the activities that help them in their professional development. Teachers seek for new innovations and updates in their area of expertise because the knowledge with which they graduated to become a teacher before has become insufficient now. Teacher education refers to both pre-service and in-service programmers' which adopt both formal and/or non-formal approaches. It is a continuing process which focuses on teacher career development. Keywords: Curriculum, critically and creatively, professional development, in-service.
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Ansari, U., & Malik, S. K. (2013). Image of a Teacher in a 21st Century Classroom. Journal of Educational and Instructional Studies in the World, Volume 3 (Issue 4). Cavas, B., Cavas, P., Karaoglan, B., and Kisla, T. (2009). A study on science teachers' attitudes toward information and communication technologies in education. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology – TOJET April 2009 ISSN: 1303-6521 volume 8 Issue 2 Article 2.

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FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION: A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE IN INDIAN CONTEXT

Mrs. Ghadge Snehal Sahebrao

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17629 - 17636

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Youngsters and also the ladies have been exploited everywhere around the globe in one way or another, several ways in which are overtly followed against them whereas some are deeply coated behind the curtains, feminine reproductive organ Mutilation(FGM) is one such grotesque method of exploitation of young women. The practice refers to the forceful cutting or manipulation of the private parts of young girls in the name only of cultural and spiritual beliefs. It reflects the deep-seated difference between the sexes and constitutes an extreme kind of discrimination against women. This paper is aimed toward explaining the meaning and therefore the} procedures and techniques concerned during this derogative follow together with the harmful effects that it's on the life and dignity of the people and the reasons behind its prevalence within the society. The paper also deals with the position of this practice in Asian countries and internationally. it's nearly continuously administrated on minors so may be a violation of the rights of children. The practice is aimed at gender inequality and tries to manage women's sexuality, and concepts concerning purity, modesty, and beauty. This paper is an endeavor to spotlight the hidden existence of this life-threatening practice behind the curtain of culture and faith in India. Keywords: Feminine Exploitation, Inequality, Sexual Offence,
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PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY OF TEACHER EDUCATORS IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION 4.0

Mr. P. Shajahan & T. Komalavalli

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17637 - 17641

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Technological evolution is in rapid pace in the present scenario and in this context the entire sector of education undergoes drastic changes. There is a shift from pedagogical practices to techno-pedagogical practices. The need for techno-pedagogical approach is reflected in classroom practices and it is the primary task of the teacher educator to update themselves in techno-pedagogical skills. A professionally competent teacher educator has to be well versed in ICT skills. Then only, he could be able to produce an effective teacher to suit the needs of the present generation learners. This article discusses on the conceptual framework of the varied ICT skills required for teacher educators in the present context of techno-pedagogy and education 4.0. The pre-requisite techno savvy skills that are required for the present teacher educators are discussed. Keywords: Professional Competency, ICT skills, Techno-Pedagogy, Teacher Educator
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A F Martin. (2022). ICT and Media competencies of teachers. Convergence towards an integrated MIL-ICT moel. Media Educational Research Journal. PP- 19-30 S. Dogan. Et.Al., (2021). Teachers’ skill to integrate technology in education, two pathmodels explaning instructional and application software use. Education and information Technologies. Pp.1311-1332

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INTEGRATION OF TECHNO-PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS IN TEACHER EDUCATION TO ENHANCE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AMONG PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS

Mr. A. Lakshmi Narayanan & T. Komalavalli

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17642 - 17646

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Presently the entire sector of the education undergoes in several aspects and particular in the pedagogical aspects. Traditional ways of imparting knowledge are being replaced with ICT integrated pedagogy. Techno-pedagogy has been the present way of providing education. There is a direct integration of the digital platform and tools to the offline traditional classroom. In techno-pedagogy the classroom is blended with usual physical and virtual mode of education. The teaching aids in traditional educational system are being replaced with digital tools and techniques to teach a concept. Teacher education undergoes such new changes in the curriculum with the integration of technology leading to the improvement of the quality in teacher education. All the pedagogical practices in teacher education can be integrated with technology and this techno-pedagogy is used in the teacher education is an optimistic way. Employability is the prime aim of any pattern and level of education. In teacher education too employability is very important in terms of the placement of the prospective teachers in schools. With the integration of the techno-pedagogy the employability skills of the prospective teachers could be enhanced. Teacher trainees who are exposed to techno-pedagogy have more chance of employability in best schools. In the light of these concepts, this article discusses on the importance of techno-pedagogy skills that can be developed among prospective teachers to increase their employability. Keywords: Techno-pedagogy, Teacher Education, Prospective Teachers, Techno-pedagogy Skills, Employability.
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P Kumari and M. Rani (2022). Techno-Pedagogical Skills of Teacher Educators with Special Reference to E-Learning. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41287 R. Gloria and A E W Benjamin. (2014). Techno-Pedagogical Skills in Teacher Education. International Journal of Scientific Research. Vol.3, issue.2. Pp.91-92

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TEACHERS’ AWARENESS OF MATHEMATICAL APPLICATIONS IN DAILY LIFE

Bondu Raju

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17647 - 17658

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The goal of this research was to look into the current state of Secondary level Mathematics teachers’ awareness of the use of mathematics in daily life in the State of Telangana. In this present study the investigator identified the awareness in use of mathematics in daily life is in eight areas such as Mathematics awareness in Environment, Science and Technology, Agriculture, Art and Culture, Sports, Weather Forecasting, Industry. The researcher used a mailed questionnaire to collect data for his research for Secondary level Mathematics teachers’ awareness in use of mathematics in daily life in selected areas. The study revealed that secondary level mathematics teachers have good awareness in use of mathematics in daily life. Over 80 percent of Secondary level Mathematics teachers’ in this study were using daily life situations to understand the concepts and gain the fundamental knowledge of other subjects such as Environment, Science and Technology, Agriculture, Art and Culture, Sports, Weather Forecasting, Industry among the students. Key terms: Awareness? Daily life? Mathematics? Secondary level? Mathematics teachers
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Anthony, G., & Walshaw, M. (2009). Effective pedagogy in mathematics. Retrieved from http://www.iaoed.org Barnes, H., & Venter, E. (2008, 10). Mathematics as a social construct: Teaching mathematics in context. Pythagoras, 0. doi: 10.4102/PYTHAGORAS.V0I68.62

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INDO-CHINA POLICY - RETHINKING TIES WITH EACH OTHER

Mohd Aftab Siddiqui

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17659 - 17666

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People are aware that India and China's relationship is stressed and contemporary. The majority of political specialists believe that the world's political system is shifting as power shifts from the West to the East. China and India, the two nations with the largest populations, are beginning to proclaim their identities and are becoming economic superpowers. China and India, the two largest countries in the region, will play a significant role in determining the course of the 21st century. Even while ties between India and China have improved in recent years, they rmain very complex and difficult to describe. Despite frequent border conflicts and economic nationalism in both nations, the two have attempted to cooperate economically till now. With the positive relations in mind, countries are trying to synchronise and grow together while the concerns seem complex with recent disputes, boycotts, pandemic etc. The paper has attempted to understand the relatable dimensions and actions both governments took for a better relationship. The results identified that future seems bright for both nations but, they need to cooperate and grow together leaving tensions apart. Keywords: Indo-China, Galwan dispute, Covid-19, Power shift, Taiwan, Asia, USA
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Baruah, P. (2021). Reflections On Cooperation, Competition and Conflict in India-China Relations Through the Lens of Doklam Military Standoff. Deepak, B. R. (2020). India-China Relations Post-COVID-19 Pandemic and Ga East Asia Forum, (2022). India rethinks ties with China. Online

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TEACHING AS CIVILISING MISSION: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC REFLECTION OF SCHOOLING IN RURAL BASTAR

Pushpam Kumar Jha

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17667 - 17680

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Since the creation of the administrative and epistemic category of savage in the late 19th century, the dichotomy of savage- civilised had been an intrinsic part of school education in Adivasi areas. Though, in contemporary academic discourse, the colonial construction of tribe is now considered as myth however, in actual teaching practices education as civilising mission is still constituting educational reality of Adivasi students. Drawing data from ethnographic fieldwork, conducted in rural Bastar, this paper attempt to explore the ongoing conflation between school education and civilising mission from the teacher’s perspective. The paper argues that relegation of teacher professional development in government school system under neoliberal regime draw limitation to visualise their role in broader framework of liberal education. As a result, with all good intension and commitment, they locate the Adivasi community and students in a dominant framework of savage and uncivilised and define school education as civilising mission. Keywords: Adivasi, School education, Bastar, Savage, Civilising mission, Teacher
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Agosto,V& Grant, C. A. (2008) Teacher capacity and social justice in teacher education In Cochran-Smith, M., Feiman-Nemser, S., McIntyre, J. D., & Demers, K. E. (Ed.). Handbook of Research on Teacher Education: Enduring Questions in Changing Contexts Asad, T. (1971). Anthropology & the Colonial Encounter. Humanities Press. Bara, Joseph. 2002. ‘Tribe: Beast or Man: Case for a New Concept of Tribe.’ Social Action 52 (2): 121–33.

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BELINDA’S WORLD OF TRIVIALITY IN THE RAPE OF THE LOCK: A MICROCOSM OF EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND AND THE IRONIC JUXTAPOSITION OF HER STORY WITH THE CLASSICAL EPICS

Tripti Bhati

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17681 - 17687

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The Rape of the Lock is one of the best examples of mock-epic or mock-heroic poems written in English History. It is an imitation of Horatian satire, written in the Eighteenth-Century by Alexander Pope, in which he uses irony, sarcasm, and exaggeration to expose follies and vanities of the aristocratic or upper class in England in an undignified and grandiose manner. Written in heroic couplets about a trivial subject matter, the poet juxtaposes the trivial world of the upper class with the heroic deeds mentioned in the classical epics. This paper navigates the epic allusions used in The Rape of the Lock to mock the shortcomings of the upper class in England and to also satirize the epic tradition itself. Keywords: Mock-epic; The Eighteenth-Century; Augustan Age; Neoclassical Period; Imperialism; Aristocracy; Triviality; Patriarchy.
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Pope, Alexander. The Rape of the Lock. Ed. Harriet Raghunathan. Delhi: Worldview Publications, 2012. Print.

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TRANSDISCIPLINARY LEARNING APPROACH FOR TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM

Rahul R. Gaikwad, Gayatri Choukade & Prof. Sanjeev Sonawane

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17688 - 17695

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Transdisciplinary learning approach will help faculty and students to grow their innovative ways and ideas and help the growth and development of nation at large and in long term. Transdiscplinary learning approach helps students to establish relation between various subjects. To prepare prospective teacher that are equipped with pedagogical skills, professional skills, different teaching strategies & instructions & subject knowledge and to equip student to be lifelong learner, self-learner and creative thinker, there is need to think about the curriculum that can facilitate transdisciplinary approach in teacher education program. Transdisciplinary approach in teacher education will consider the following: a clearly defined framework that allows one to highlight each steps, a well-defined and designed transdiciplinary curriculum formulated by expert team, ability of the teacher educators to integrate teaching learning process that aligned with different discipline, thorough discussion of different ideas given by the students, and conversion of the student to become decision maker and problem solver. Global issues will require people from different discipline to work collaboratively, evaluate critically, think critically and come to a solution which in turn will save the humanity and make this world a better place to live. It is about understanding of different discipline and coming to a conclusion that will benefit the masses. Thus transdisciplinary approach in teaching learning process, skills the students for understanding the difficulty of a situation or identify the problem and use critical thinking and divergent thinking to provide a solution with the help of collaborating different discipline. Keywords: approach, learning, teaching, teacher education, transdisciplinary
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https://citl.news.niu.edu/2020/11/17/transdisciplinary-interdisciplinary/ Retrieved on 04.09.2022 https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_handbook-for-writers/s07-01-exploring-academic-disciplines.html Retrieved on 04.09.2022 McGregor S, Transdisciplinary Teach

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CAREER GUIDANCE: A KEY TO SUCCESS IN LIFE

Balakrishnan P. & Dr. V. Nalini

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17696 - 17702

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Career guidance plays a vital role in helping product markets work and education systems to meet their goals. Because the choice of a career is one of the most crucial decisions one makes in life. It should be taken with discussion of different career experts. A career should be chosen with utmost care, thought, and planning. Individual have different innate capacities and abilities and hence aptitudes for different kind of work. The purpose of Career Guidance is to match the individuals and the occupation optimally for mutual benefits. Recent evidence suggests that social mobility relies on wider acquisition not just of knowledge and skills, but also understanding how to use them. In this context, the mission of Career Guidance is very vast, to become part of lifelong learning. In this paper, we become to know about the needs and importance of Career Guidance and its proper implementation. And we know to improve Career Guidance for making student’s beautiful life as well as for all of us. Career is by choice not by chance. Career Guidance is the guidance given to individuals to help them acquire the knowledge, information, skills and experience necessary to identify career options and narrow them down to make one career decision. This career decision then results in their social, financial and emotional wellbeing throughout. Career Guidance is given on career related problems and education. Index Terms: Career Guidance, Innate capacities, social Mobility, lifelong learning.
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Agarwal J.C.(1985), Educational Vocational Guidance and Counselling, New Delhi, Doaba House. Bysshe, S., Hughes, D. & Bowes, L.(2002). The Economic Benefits of Career Guidance: A Review of current Evidence. Centre for Guidance Studies: University of Derby.

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RURAL ECONOMY AND PHYSICAL WELLNESS: A THEMATIC REVIEW PAPER

Pavan Gautam & Durgesh Gautam

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17703 - 17707

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India is a developing diverse country with diverse in people, society and religion. People living in urban areas where they get all facilities and services. Oppositely people living in rural areas get less of the resources and services. They are having fluctuations in literacy rate birth and death rate GDP NDP and so many things. The back ground of physical fitness is generally more than the urban areas because people involvement and profession make them fit and connecting nature. Although they are having a less sports resources but after that people are today enough aware about sports and they starts participations and today Govt. of India is giving facilities of games and sports in so many schools and collages so that children younger’s and elders are always filled with inner enthusiasm and generally this enthusiasm is seen in rural areas people. The games participation at state national and international level where their enthusiasm takes a platform. While in rural areas people are suffering with infrastructure facilities and products such as indoor and outdoor facilities of grounds. Such Schemes is run by Govt. India Rajkumari scheme, HVPM, LNIPE, NSNIS, SAI and so many institutes in India which was set up after Independence and Independence which works is to provide coaches, teachers, players, physiologist, physiotherapist, dietician and so many people today appears due to this institution and many of the brands today supports India’s economy like ‘ShivNaresh’ is one of the brand in sports. Keywords: Fluctuations, Enthusiasm, Economy, Schemes, Diverse
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“SPORT AND SOCIAL ORDER: Contribution to the sociology of sports” Addison- Westley publishing company, Inc. 1975, Philippines. ESSENTIAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION Kalyani Publishers, Fifth Revised Edition (page no. 793-806)

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YOGA FOR WELLBEING: A THEMATIC REVIEW PAPER

Pavan Gautam & Durgesh Gautam

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17708 - 17713

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TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (TPACK): A FRAMEWORK FOR B.ED. STUDENTS’ CLASSROOM PRACTICES

Joy Prakash Deb & Pratima Pradhan

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17714 - 17722

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In this paper an effort is made to explore how TPACK is useful for B.Ed. students. The purpose of the study is to investigate the potential of TPACK to be integrated into both initial and continuing teacher education programs in India. In other words, it explores the ways in which B.Ed. students and teacher educators might apply their knowledge of TPACK to their classroom practices during their internship. It also focuses on the importance of 21st-century educators for incorporating technology into their lessons. The study set out to determine how widespread TPACK application is in teacher education programs, as well as the nature of the connection between technological and pedagogical materials. This is a mixed-methods study that analyses and interprets documents and secondary sources (such as books, expert opinion, papers, journals, theses, websites, unstructured interviews etc). Keywords: TPACK, Technology, Teacher educators, Pedagogy, Teacher training program
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Angeli, C, & Valanides, N. (2005).Pre-service elementary teachers as information and communication technology designers: An instructionsystems design model based on an expanded view of pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21(4), 292-302.

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ANALYSIS OF TOTAL VITAMIN C CONTENTS IN VARIOUS FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Sandeep Negi, Harish Chandra, H.V. Pant R. Dhoundiyal, Deepali Singhal and Suresh Kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17723 - 17730

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In the present study, a simple UV- spectrophotometric method for the determination of the total vitamin C (ascorbic acid + dehydroascorbic acid) in various fruits and vegetables is described. In this method bromine water is added which oxidizes the ascorbic acid into dehydroascorbic acid. After coupling with 2,4 -dinitrophenyl hydrazine at 37°C temperature for about three hours, the solution is treated with 85% H2SO4 to produce a red color complex. Then, the absorbance was spectrophotometrically measured at 521 nm. The content of vitamin C was 1.868 to 51.74 mg/10g in fruits and 0.841 to 17.416 mg/10g in vegetables. The standard deviation and the possible interfering factors are also discussed. Keywords: Ascorbic acid, UV spectrophotometer; total vitamin C, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, spectrophotometric method, fruit and vegetables.
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Lee S.K., and Kader, A.A. (2000) Preharvest and postharvest factors influcing vitamin C con-tent of horticultural corps; Postharvest Biology and Technology, 20: 207-220. Jaffe G.M.,(1984): Vitamin C, In: Machalinal ed. Handbook of vitamins. New York: Mercell Dekker Inc., pp.199 – 244.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AGGRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG DISTRICT MUZAFFARNAGAR KABADDI PLAYERS

Raj Veer Singh & Tushar Chaudhary

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17731 - 17734

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Sports is a psycho-cum-social activity alongwith physical, physiological and techniques, the physiological social factors are also considered. Today in the era of technology, psychological training of the players has it’s own importance to understand the different skills of the game. In the study an effort to compare psychological variables anxiety and aggression among selected and non-selected players in junior kabaddi team camp of district muzaffarnagar. The subjects were 60 kabaddi players who takes part in district selection trials. Psychol;ogical barriers like anxiety and aggression affects cognitive and physical performance of the players. The term sggression is defined as act or behavior to be harm or pain. Harm may be physical psychological or any distraction. Aggression is an act of human behavior shows battle for dominance and power in sports. Anxiety is a condition characterized by mental, social, physical and emotional behaviours. The anxiety state may includes feelings of trouble, tense, danger, fear, heart palpitations, fatigue.
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Mozhi.A.A., Vinu.W., (2018)., A Comparative Study Of Aggression Between Men and Women Labadie and Kho-Kho Players., Vol-4, No-1, Page-380-382
UCCH PRATHAMIK STAR KE VIDYARTHIYON ME SAKSHARTA KE VIKAS ME BAL SANSAD KI BHOOMIKA

Harshvardhan & Suhasini Bajpeyi

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17735 - 17746

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https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/first-report-childrens-parliament-conditions-children-yemen-2008/
PEER PRESSURE AND GENDER DETERMINE STRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Anu and Sanjay kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17747 - 17755

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Adolescence is a stage of development and multiple changes as well as personal and social changes are experienced in all aspects of individual’s life. The purpose of this research paper was to study the effect of peer pressure on stress of adolescents. For this purpose 120 subjects were selected from Meerut and Modinagar Distt (U.P). There were two groups according the level of peer pressure i.e. high peer pressure and low peer pressure. In each group there were 60 subjects, further each group was again consisted of two groups of gender there were 30 male and 30 female. Peer pressure was measured with the help of peer pressure scale constructed by Singh and Saini (2010) and stress was measured by student stress scale constructed by Akhtar (2011). A 2×2 factorial design was used in the study. On the basis of obtained results it was found that peer pressure have significant effect on stress of adolescents whereas gender has no significant effect on stress of adolescents. The interaction between peer pressure and gender was also found significant. Keywords: Stress, peer pressure, adolescents
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Akhtar, Z. (2011). Students stress scale. Jamshedpur: Karim City College, 1-4. Akinboye, J.O. (1985). Adolescent personal data inventory (APDI). Ibandan: press. Aseltinr, R.H., Gore,J. S.,& Colten, M.E.(1994) Depression and the social development context of adolescence

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GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY: AWARENESS AND SATISFACTION

Mrs. Ahir Bhakti Ishwar & Vandana Pimple

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17756 - 17762

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A general insurance policy comprises a range of insurance plans other than life insurance products. The types of general insurance policies include motor insurance, health insurance, home insurance, marine insurance, travel insurance and so on. The general insurance policy offers coverage to policyholders to compensate their damages or losses incurred from a specific incurred. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is a monolithic firm from last few decades. Author emphasizes that more number of office with lower operating expense is the key to success. LIC has got both the advantages. After the successful enactment of economic reforms in life insurance sector in India, LIC of India has made numerous positive efforts to conquest the hearts of the people. LIC of India must increase their agent’s base to retain its leading market share because agents are the main pillar of the corporation. An augmented number will not only help the corporation to facet their noticeable presence in the market but also in turn help in growing their business volume too. Keywords: Awareness, Satisfaction, Insurance
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Upendra Nath Shukla, Impact Of Insurance Regulatory And Development Authority (Irda) On Incumbent Insurance Companies And Individual Clients With Special Reference To Insurance Penetration And Density Thesis Submitted to Amity University Uttar PradeshFor the award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

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ZARKHAND KE PATRAKARITA KA ETIHAS

Chandan Kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17763 - 17766

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CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS TOWARDS PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH

Maninder Kaur & Harpreet Kaur

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17767 - 17772

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The United Nations’ Transforming Our World: The SDG 2030 Agenda is very ambitious global agreement in recent history which is highly dependent on overall balanced systems of higher education. Knowledge, skills, values and attitudes actually empower the learners to contribute towards sustainable development. Only the well-established approach of Education for Sustainable Development(ESD) empowers learners to take informed decisions and responsible actions for environmental integrity, economic viability and a just society for the present and future society. The importance of education in contributing to the sustainable growth of the economy cannot be overstated. The initiatives of higher education institutions contribute to the attainment of sustainable economic growth on a world-wide scale. Though today’s higher education system has witnessed significant transformations; however, the impact of HEIs efforts and initiatives on sustainable economic growth and high –quality employment is a gradual process that requires time, in comparison to the impact of economic policies. The present article focusses on the role of higher education institutions in promoting sustainable, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full employment and decent work for all. Keywords: Higher Education Institutions, Development, Sustainable Economic Growth, Full Employment, Environmental Integrity
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AGB. (2019). Retrieved from Guardians Campaign: https.//agb.org/guardians-campaign/higher-educationcontributes-to-a-strong-economy/ Ana Alexandra Gora, S. C. (2019). Students’ Perspective on Quality Assurance in Higher Education in

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REVIEW ON CYANIDE POISONING

Dr. Snehankita V. Dhanvijay, Dr. Vaibhav Gawali & Dr. Nivedita Dhanvijay

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17773 - 17780

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Cyanide is one of the most lethal poison. It leads to death within a few minutes to a few hours sometimes. Depending upon the dose and route of administration or exposure the symptoms develop. The area of exposure is manufacturing and industrial sources such as insecticides, photographic solution, fumigation and electroplating work, plastic manufacturing and jewelry cleaners etc. History shows the common use of cyanide poisoning in suicidal and homicidal cases and also use as chemical warfare agent for terrorist attack. Incidence of cyanide poisoning is rare but the occurrence of death is seen instant in some cases. It causes histotoxic anoxia and inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, a process where oxygen is utilized for the production of essential cellular energy sources in the form of ATP. It does so by binds to the enzyme cytochrome C oxidase and blocks mitochondrial transport chain. This results in cellular hypoxia and the depletion of ATP occur, leading to metabolic acidosis. Symptoms such as headache, dizziness, vertigo, spasmodic closure of jaw and clawing of hands, tonic type of convulsions of the limb and trunk, muscular weakness and flaccidity, muscular paralysis, intense cyanosis, hypertension followed by hypotension, coma etc leads to death. Death is mainly due to cardiovascular failure and respiratory failure. Thus, rapid treatment to be started in such patients. The 100 % oxygen support and rapid therapy of antidotal treatment is necessary for life saving. Very efficient antidote is Hydroxocobalamin and other antidotes are also important in cyanide poisoning in the treatment as life saver. Survivors of cyanide poisoning may develop neuropathies. Keywords: Lethal Poison, Cardiovascular failure, Rapid treatment, Hydroxocobalamin
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Anseeuw, K; Delvau, N; Burillo-Putze, G; De Iaco, F; Geldner, G; Holmström, P; Lambert, Y; Sabbe, M (February 2013) "Cyanide poisoning by fire smoke inhalation: a European expert consensus". European Journal of Emergency Medicine. 20 (1): 2–9

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RUBRIC: AN EVALUATION TOOL FOR STUDENT’S SELF EVALUATION

Ms. Shilpa Shinde

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17781 - 17789

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A rubric is an evaluation tool that clearly indicates achievement criteria across all the components of any kind of student work, from written to oral to visual. It can be used for marking assignments, class participation, or overall grades. Rubrics are most often used to grade written assignments, but they have many other uses. They can be used for oral presentations. They are a great tool to evaluate teamwork and individual contribution to group tasks. Rubrics facilitate peer-review by setting evaluation standards. In this article, we discuss rubric, rubric for self evaluation of students. Keywords: Rubrics, self Evaluation, student’s self evaluation tool)
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Chowdhury, F. (2018).Application of Rubrics in the Classroom: A Vital Tool for Improvement in Evaluation, Feedback and Learning. Retrieved from file:///H:/Research_and_Conceptual_Papers/Rubric/Application_of_Rubrics_in_the_Classroom_A_Vital_To.pdf https://targetb-ed.co.in/what-is-evaluation-in-education-types-of-evaluation-evaluation-for-learning-b-ed-2nd-year/

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EFFECT OF ATTENDANCE ON THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF GIRLS AND BOYS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS OF CHANDIGARH

Manpreet Mann & Dazy Zarabi

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17790 - 17794

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Schools play an important role in development of children and regular attendance in school helps in academic achievement, well being, self-esteem of children. This research studied 242 students for their academic achievement and their attendance in school. The results show that attendance in school is positively correlated with academic achievement. Key words: School attendance, academic achievement, School going adolescents. Schools play an important role in overall development of children and adolescents. Schools have been sites for resilience oriented programming because of the easy access they provide to youth and are the link between academic success, school engagement and other child development goals like well-being, self-esteem and self-efficacy (Ungar et al 2004). Research shows that attendance in school is an important factor in student achievement. Attendance in classrooms and in schools ensures continuity in the students learning process. When a student is absent from class whether unexcused or excused, it has an adverse effect on their academic performance and academic achievement. To understand the correlation between academic achievement and attendance, a study was carried out on school-enrolled adolescent girls and boys in schools across Chandigarh .
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Balkis. M., Arslan, G.,& Duru, E.(2016). The school absenteeism among high school students: Contributing factors. Educational sciences: Theory & Practice,16(5-17). Kakkar, N.(2015). A study of academic achievement of senior secondary school students in relation to their general well-being. Indian journal of Research, 4(12), 123-125.

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ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF TEACHER EDUCATION

Sabita Nayak

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17795 - 17803

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The quality of education of a nation depends upon the level of knowledge among its populace. Teacher Education is vital in creating a pool of teachers who will mould the next generation. Teacher Education requires multidisciplinary perspectives and knowledge, conformation of dispositions and values, and development of practice under the stylish instructors. Teacher Education Policy in India has evolved over time and is grounded on recommendations contained in colorful Reports of panels Commissions on Education, the important bones being the Kothari Commission(1966), The National Policy on Education(NPE 1986), Acharya Ramamurthi Committee(1990), The National Curriculum Framework(NCF, 2005) and The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education(RTE) Act, 2009, which came functional from 1st April, 2010, has important counteraccusations for teacher education in the country. The present conceptual paper discusses the Government Policies for Enhancing the Quality of Teacher Education with prime objectives (i) To understand the concept of Quality Teacher Education. (ii) To analyze the need of Quality Teacher Education. (iii) To discuss the Government policies for Enhancing the Quality of Teacher Education. Keywords: Government Policies, Enhancing the Quality, Teacher Education
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Ambani, M. and Birla, K. 2000. Report on A Policy Framework for Reforms in Education, Prime Minister’s Council on Trade and Industry, New Delhi, Govt. of India. Khan A.H. and Minis Tomas 2004. Management of higher education- 21st Century challenges, Anamya Publishers, New Delhi. Behari, A. 1998. Analysis of Teacher Education Curriculum in the context of Requisite abilities for effective teaching, Indian Educational Review, 33: 93-105. Cochran-Smith, M. (2000). Editorial: The question that drives reform. Journal of Teacher Education, 51(5):331 Cochran-Smith, M., Fries, M.K. (2001). Stick, Stones and Ideology: The discourse of reform in teacher education. Educational Researcher, 30(8):15.

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TEACHER EDUCATION AND ICT

Sushil Kumar Dadhwal

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17804 - 17810

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Information, Communication and technologies are gradually covering the entire span of the human activity. Advancements in both communication and information technologies have contributed to the overall development of people, not in India, but across the world. Both are playing active role in electric shopping, education, political polling and voting, medical treatment, banking, trading, TV networks, home environments and so on. Multinational corporations are able to conduct their business activities through information communication and technologies around the world. No doubt, information technologies and communication both are playing active role in the field of education. Education, has been benefited by communication and technologies in various ways and at various levels. Sociological and economic point of view, information communication and technologies have made an impact on the education and training. A number of institutions in the developed and developing countries are offering courses through various information communication and technologies such as interactive TV, Computer conferencing internet and other modern media.
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Aggarwal, J.C. (1999), Essential of Education Technology, Teaching Learning, New Delhi: Vikas publishing House Aggarwal, J.C. Biswas, A.(2004) – Text Book of comparative education. New Delhi:5th Edition, Arya Book Depot, Karol Bagh Bhatia, K.K. (ed.), Foundation of Teaching-Learning Process, Ludhiana: Tandon Publishers. Parwary Kamlesh (ed.), Essentials of Educational Technology, Ludhiana: Vinod Publication Rajput J.S. (1998) – Preface of the book. Policy perspectives in Teacher Education : Critique & Documentation, New Delhi :NCERT. Rao, V.K. (2009) – “Teacher Education”, New Delhi.:APH Publishing Corporation, Sharma,

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BHARAT-AMERIKA VIDESH SAMBANDH: VARTMAN PARIDRUSHY

Viresh Kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17811 - 17817

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MAKING PLASTICS FROM CARBON DIOXIDE: CO-POLYMERIZATION OF EPOXIDES AND CO2

Om Kumari

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17818 - 17828

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Since petroleum resources are predicted to be exhausted within the next century at the current rate of consumption due to global warming, there is a growing effort to develop new chemical processes using bio-renewable sources. Carbon dioxide is an abundant, inexpensive and nontoxic bio-renewable source. Immobilization by polymerization, reduction by metal catalyzed processes and chemical transformations are the processes by which CO2 can be utilized. Apart from these processes, copolymerization of epoxies is very significant. Cyclohexene oxide, propylene oxide are the copolymers which form epoxies with CO2 resulting the formation of cyclic carbonates as a major by product. Selection of copolymer are also important requires the component with least hindrance, C-O linkages and backbiting. Inoue group (aluminum catalysts) fulfills the basic requirements. Sometimes, salen metal complexes are also used in the formation of epoxies with CO2. Formation of nano-particles by intermolecular cross linking and high activity Zn(II)-based catalyst can be used for asymmetric CHO-CO2 copolymerization. Keywords: Co-polymerization ,reduction, chemical transformation, metal complexes.
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Singh K K, Saraswat Y.K ,. Supercritical FluidScience and Technology; SRJIS, Vol 3, Issue 23, (2015) Agrawal P., Singh S.D.,Mitra J. D., Ram M., Plastic and its Mystry, Science 2009,. J.C.Rainwater, T.P.Di Noia and M.A.HcHugh, J.Phy.Chem.,100, 15581 (1996) C.Shi, Z.Huang, S. Kilic, J. Xu, R.M. Enick, E.J.Beckman, A.Carr, Science,286,1540 (1999)

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MODEL PRISON MANUAL 2016 WITHIN SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PRISON EDUCATION AND CORRECTIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR PRISONERS

Ms. Shivali & Ajay Kumar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17829 - 17835

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“Crime is the outcome of a diseased mind and jail must have an environment of hospital for treatment and care”. - Mahatma Gandhi The present research paper focused on the study is to discuss the Model Prison Manual 2016 within special reference to prison education and Correctional Training Programs for prisoners. Now as reference, India shares a universally held view that sentence of imprisonment would be justifiable only if it ultimately leads to the protection of society against crime. Such a goal could be achieved only if incarceration motivates and prepares the offender for a law-abiding and self-supporting life after his release. It further accepts that, as imprisonment deprives the offender of his liberty and self- determination, the prison system should not be allowed to aggravate the suffering already inherent in the process of incarceration. Thus, while certain categories of offenders, who endanger public safety, have to be segregated from the social mainstream by way of imprisonment, all possible efforts have to be made to ensure that they come out of prisons as better individuals than what they were at the time of their admission thereto.Education is harmonious and all-round development of human faculties mental as well as physical. It is a tool by which the knowledge, character and behavior of the inmate can be molded. It helps a prisoner to adjust to the social environment and his ultimate resettlement in society. The present paper focused on the study the study is to discuss the Model Prison Manual 2016 within special reference to prison education and Correctional Training Programs for prisoners with prime objectives are (i) To understand the Model Prison Manual 2016. (ii) To discuss the prison education and Correctional Training Programs. (iii) To analyze the role of prison education for society enhancement. The methodology of the research is a different type involving an interpretative, conversation, observation and study secondary sources, like books, articles, journals, thesis, university news, expert opinion, and websites, etc. Key Words: Model Prison Manual, Prison Education, Correctional Training Programs
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Bumiller, K. (2013). Transformative learning in prisons and universities: Reflections on homologies of institutional power. In S. W. Davis & B. S. Roswell (Eds.). Turning teaching inside-out: A pedagogy of transformation for community-based education.. Palgrave Macmillan. Bryman, A. (2008). Social research methods (3rd ed). Oxford University Press.

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PANDIT DEENDAYAL UPADHYAY AND SOCIAL WELFARE SCHEMES IN MODERN INDIA

Savita Andelwar

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17836 - 17845

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Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay was an important thinker of recent times. His thoughts covered political as well as social issues. It is a fitting tribute to him that many welfare schemes and institutions have been launched in his memory. This paper is in two parts. Part I those schemes which have been launched by the Government of India and Part II those of the different State Governments. Together, they pertain to rural welfare, community development, sportsmen, electricity and water supply, differently abled persons, etc. Overall, these schemes have brought benefits to the targeted groups. Key words: Deendayal Upadhyay, welfare institutions, targeted groups.
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YETA CHAUTHI VIDYARTHYANCHYA ENGRAJI V MARATHI MADHYMACHYA SHALETIL VIDYARTHYANCHA MARATHI LEKHNACHA TULNATMAK ABHYAS

Dr. Atul Prakash Kulkarni

Received Date: 25/10/2022 | Accepted Date: 30/10/2022 | Published Date: 01/11/2022

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17857 - 17862

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ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION vis a vis CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND JUDICIAL ACTIVISM

Dr. Falaknaaz Shaikh

Received Date: 25/10/2022 | Accepted Date: 30/10/2022 | Published Date: 01/11/2022

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17863 - 17867

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The word Environment is derived from the French word “Environ” which means, “surrounding”. Our surrounding includes biotic factors like human beings, plants, animals, microbes, etc and abiotic factors such as light, air, water, soil, etc.   The Environment Protection Act 1986 defines Environment under section 2(a) as “Environment includes water, air and land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro organism and property.” Besides the physical and biological aspect, the “environment” clasps the social, economic, cultural, religious, ideological, and aesthetic and several other aspects as well. According to a study conducted by Down to Earth organisation in 2014 they reported, “13 of the world's 20 worst polluted cities are in India, Air pollution is the fifth largest killer in India. Though coal accounts for 59% of power generation, it is responsible for 68.5% of carbon emissions; 7,322 million litres of sewage from cities go untreated into the Ganga every day.”Environment protection is a fragment of our cultural values, civilisation, heritage and traditions. In Atharvaveda, it has been said that “Man’s paradise is on earth; this living world is the beloved place of all; It has the blessings of nature’s bounties; live in a lovely spirit”. Earth is our nirvana and it is our duty to protect our nirvana. The Constitution of India incorporates the framework of protection and preservation of nature without which life cannot be relished. The knowledge of constitutional provisions regarding environment protection is need of the day to bring greater public participation, environmental awareness, and environmental education and sensitize the people to preserve ecology and environment

 



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A CRITICAL UNDERSTANDING OF IMMANUEL KANT’S DEONTOLOGICAL THEORY

Sweety Dang

Received Date: 25/10/2022 | Accepted Date: 30/10/2022 | Published Date: 01/11/2022

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17868 - 17875

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According to Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), a German philosopher, deontology is an ethical approach cantered on rules and professional duties. Deontology derives from the Greek deont, which refers to that which is binding. Kant’s deontological philosophy stemmed from his belief that humans possess the ability to reason and understand universal moral laws that they can apply in all situations. Unlike many other ethical theories, deontology does not focus on the consequences of individual actions. Personal emotions behind actions also do not matter within Kantian deontology because Kant believed humans do not always have rational control over their feelings. Instead, the intent behind chosen actions holds far more importance. Therefore, deontology proponents judge actions based on what most people consider to be morally correct, regardless of actual consequences.

Key words: Duty, Reason, Categorical imperative, good will, Universal law.



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RETHINKING EDUCATION: SELF DIRECTED LEARNING AS THE CALL OF THE DAY

Dr. Yatharth N. Vaidya

Received Date: 10/09/2022 | Accepted Date: 28/10/2022 | Published Date: 01/11/2022

Issue: Sep-Oct, 2022 | Volume/Issue:10/73 | Page No.: 17876 - 17881

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Leslie Dickinson defines self-directed learning as a “particular attitude to the learning task, where the learner accepts responsibility for all the decisions concerned with his learning but does not necessarily undertake the implementation of those decisions.” Self-directed learning is an integral part of education system in the era of digitization where technology aided smart classroom are approaching and replacing our traditional class-rooms. Historically, getting education at an institution or school was not compulsory or not established as the fixed social norm. Today, pilot programme that demand autodidactic learning is in high demand among smart-generation learners. Self-directed learning involves a significant change in the roles of the teachers and learners. The role of a teacher is getting changed from an instructor to facilitator.

            The present research paper revolves around exploring the discussion of what self-directed learning involves, how it is different from self-instruction and what are the problems in introducing self-directed learning in teaching-learning pedagogy. The researcher also aims at suggesting some remedies for the effective implementation of the self directed learning. The paper takes into consideration the view points of the established educationists like Ash, Bauer, Brookfield, and Cross to discuss the ways of facilitating self-directed learning. The difference between self-instruction and self-directed learning has also been taken into account to make the concept clearer and more feasible for implementation.