Best means topmost. According to NAAC best practices are quality enhancing academic, administrative, infrastructural strategies adopted by highly accredited institutions of higher learning in the present instance. Teachers play a very important role in the qualitative development of higher education. In the criterion VII of NAAC Innovations and Best practices has been stressed. This paper is an attempt to discuss how teachers can ensure quality in the institutes of higher education through best practices and innovations. It is a review study based on the materials found on the internet. Right kind of philosophy of the teachers is very important. Curriculum should nurture creativity. Critical thinking by the teachers adds new dimension to teaching. Teachers have a critical role in building competencies of learners through best pedagogic practices. Teachers should stress more on experiential learning. They should create research learning environment. Teachers can collaborate and co-create for integrated solutions thus bringing together science, technology, business, and community values. Keywords: Best Practices, Life Skill training, Environmental responsibility, ICT, Experiential learning, Constructive feedback, Leadership and Critical thinking.

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Crum,K.,S., Sherman,W., H., Myran,S.(2009).Best practices of successful school leaders. Journal of EducationalAdministration, 48(1),48-63. Dhawan, S.(2020).Online Learning:A Panacea in the Time of Covid -19Crisis. Journal ofEducational Technological Systems, 49(2),5-22. Ennis, R.H.(1996).Criticalthinking dispositions:Their nature and assess ability. Informal logic,18(2). Gelder, T.V. (2005).Teaching critical thinking:Some lessons from cognitive science.College teaching, 53(1),41-48. Kolb,D.A (1984).Experiential Learning:Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. New Jersey:Prentice-Hall

The integration of assistive devices has significantly improved the access to educational resources for students with disabilities. Assistive devices have been designed to enhance the learning experience of students with disabilities by eliminating physical and communication barriers. This abstract aims to explore the type of assistive devices which improve the access to educational resources for students with disabilities .Assistive devices such as screen readers, speech-to-text, text-to-speech, Braille displays, and speech recognition software, have transformed the educational landscape for students with visual and hearing impairments. These technologies enable students to access digital resources and communicate effectively with their peers and instructors. Assistive devices have also revolutionized the learning experience for students with mobility impairments. Devices such as wheelchair lifts, adapted keyboards, and alternative pointing devices, have made it possible for students with mobility impairments to access and interact with classroom technology and resources. These technologies enable students to participate in class activities, access digital resources, and communicate with their peers. Keywords: Assistive devices, educational resources, Communication and physical barriers, students with disabilities.

Adesope, O. O., & Bayliss, A. P. (2018). Assistive technology and students with disabilities: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Special Education, 33(1), 34-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2018.1478092 Aids and assistive devices available for the PwDs under the National Trust Act, retrieved from https://thenationaltrust.gov.in/content/innerpage/aids-and-assistive-devices.php Assistive technology and inclusive education. UNESCO, 2019. https://en.unesco.org/themes/inclusion-in-education/assistive-technology-and-inclusive-education

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Workplace shifts, along with societal and cultural shifts, have disrupted the delicate balance between people' professional and private life. People are finding it more challenging to balance their job and family life due to factors such as increased demand, rising awareness among women, rising stress levels, rising family levels, etc. Workplace stress and expectations are rising, leading to a higher turnover rate. Therefore, modern businesses must foster an accommodating setting where workers can balance their personal and professional lives. Documents including books, research papers, and academic journal articles are included. This research based paper sheds light on similar concerns and customs that are widespread in the Indian setting. Academic, corporate, and societal databases holding generalizable research evidence and case study results were mined for the materials analyzed. Keywords: Quality of Work, Work-Life Balance, Workplace Challenges, Socio-Cultural Aspects, Indian Professionals, Socio-cultural Implications.

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Aiswarya, B. and Ramasundaram, G. (2012) A Study on Interference of Work-Life: Conflict between Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction of Women Employees in the Information Technology Sector. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, 8, 351-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319510X1200800315 Asha, C.B. (1992) Multiple Roles and Mental Health Status of Working Women. Journal of Community Guidance and Research, 9, 181-188. Asha, C.B. (1994) Job Satisfaction among Women in Relation to Their Family Environment. Journal of Community Guidance, 11, 43-50. Bacchi, C. (1996) The Politics of Affirmative Action. Sage Publications, London. Baral, R. and Bhargava, S. (2010) Work Family Enrichment as a Mediator between Organizational Interventions for Work-Life Balance and Job Outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25, 274-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683941011023749

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Gender inequality prevails in India in every arena. May it be education sector, society, job opportunities, income, economic, cultural or legal issues, there is a gender bias in favour of men. This inequality is harmful for society and national growth. The representation of women, especially in corporate sector at top management level is insignificant. This paper tries to find out the status of women at top management level in India. An attempt has also been made to highlight the factors responsible for gender inequality in India and possible suggestions to reduce gender inequality. Keywords: Gender Inequality, top management level, corporate sector.

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Annapurani, B., V. (2020, March 6). Women on board: The prolonging case of gender equality in India. https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/women-on-board-the-prolonging-case-of-gender-equality-in-india/article30997846.ece Catalyst. (2023, March 1). Women Business Leaders: Global Statistics. https://www.catalyst.org/research/women-in-management/ Facts and figures: Women’s leadership and political participation. (n.d.). UN Women – Headquarters. https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures

Self-regulated learning (SRL) includes the cognitive, metacognitive and motivational aspect of learning. SRL has become one of the most important area of research within the educational psychology. In this paper, Model of SRL are analyzed and compared. The review reaches main conclusion that is the students can be taught with self-regulated learning model to be more strategic and successful. There are differential effects of SRL model in light of differences in student’s developmental stage. Keyword: SRL, Cognitive, Meta-cognitive, Motivation.

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Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 248-287. Butler, D. L. & Winne, P. H. (1995). Feedback and Self-Regulated Learning: A Theoretical Synthesis. Review of Educational Research, Vol. 65, No. 3 (Autumn, 1995), pp. 245-281. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1170684. Accessed: 21-04 2016, 16:44 Butler, D. L. (2002). Theory into practice, vol. 41, no. 2, becoming a self-regulated learner (2002), pp. 81-92.Url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1477459. Accessed: 21-04-2016, 16:44 Winne P and Perry N (2000) Measuring self-regulated learning. In: Boekaerts M, Pintrich P and Zeidner M (eds) Handbook of Self-Regulation, pp. 531±566. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

The world has witnessed the dynamic changes in the society of every country in these modern and postmodern eras. This rapid change in the society is due to the spread of education in almost every corner of the world. The country may be develop or developing but the progress of any nation is highly dependent on the quality of education it is providing to its citizen. The education system of India started from the ancient era and it has witnessed many changes in the education system of the nation. Today India stand as the third largest in the world in terms of Higher Education system. The Indian Higher Education system took long journey to arrive to the present status. India overcome many challenges to provide quality higher education to the deserving citizen of the country. The role of education is very vital for the prosperous development of the nation. Therefore, the government of India is al trying its level best to make the education fulfilled the social needs of the nation. The nation has introduced National Education Policy 2020, which outlines the vision of new education system in India. The India as a country has huge potential to emerge as develop nation with strong political wills backed by visionary education system. Keywords: Education, Dynamic, Challenges, Higher Education

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AISHE Report-2019-20, Ministry of HRD, Department of Higher Education, New Delhi. Kumar, Anuj & Ambrish. (2015). Higher Education: Growth, Challenges and Opportunities, International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Management Studies, Volume 01, No.2, Masani, Zareer. (2008). India still Asia's reluctant tiger, BBC Radio.

The well-known Indian thinker Jiddu Krishnamurti is the subject of this study, and the paper's purpose is to examine his philosophical and pedagogical ideas and investigate reflective practices of J. Krishnamurti's Ideology. He held that consciousness was necessary for the existence of a free mind. He had the belief that the beginning of education and the conclusion of education was equally crucial for understanding life and ourselves. Kindness cannot blossom in an atmosphere of fear, and education is the sustenance that allows compassion to grow. In this paper, the researcher has used content analysis to accomplish the objectives. The sources of content analysis are both primary and secondary, including books on Krishnamurti, his official websites, his official audios, and videos made available by Krishnamurti foundations, journals, etc. In general, the study's findings reflected Krishnamurti's fear-free approach to the holistic development of children. According to J. Krishnamurti, education has to be provided in a way that is natural and devoid of artificial techniques and should follow a child-centered approach. He believed that teaching is not only the act of transferring knowledge but also the development of an enquiring mind. Keywords: Jiddu Krishnamurti, philosophy, educational thought, curriculum, teacher

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Abhyankar, S. N. (1982). A Study of Jiddu Krishnamurti's Philosophy of Education. Doctoral Thesis. Retrived From www.shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in Byers, P. (1998). Jiddu Krishnamurti Encyclopedia of World Biography. Michigan: Gale Research. Berghout, A. (2022). Education and the Significance of Life by Jiddu Krishnamurti. Central European Journal of Educational Research, 4(1), 166–169. https://doi.org/10.37441/cejer/2022/4/1/10681

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The status of women in society is very diverse worldwide. Among many important traits associated with the differentiation of gender inequality is religion, which itself must be regarded as a fluid concept with interpretations and practices ‘embedded’ and thus varying with respect to cultural and historical relations. Admitting the complexity of the issues, some religious norms and traditions can contribute to the formation of gender inequalities and to subordinate the role of women in society. Using an exploratory quantitative analysis, the influence of religiosity on gender inequality in social, economic and political spheres is examined. The research of the data on women empowerment in Kargil reveals that the most positive replies are in support of the Women can be boss, just like a man in comparison to the bunch of negative responses for the same. The uppermost women that believe it is Waste of time to teach a woman when you could train a guy instead and he would perform the job better in a family.. The mojority of Shia Women of Kargil believe that if required, they know how to aid their sisters or friends in seeking free legal counsel is and the least number that disagrees. Based on the data analysis, it is obvious that most of the Shia Women of Kargil always manages to overcome tough issues if they try hard enough and the lowest number of the Shia Women of Kargil do not believe that they can. Keywords: Women Empowerment, Religion, Gender Relation, Kargil

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Ahmed S, Koenig MA, Stephenson R. Effects of domestic violence on perinatal and early-childhood mortality: evidence from north India. American journal of public health. 2006 Aug;96(8):1423-8. Antony, G.M. and K. V. Rao (2007), ‘A Composite Index to Explain Variations in Poverty, Health, Nutritional Status and Standard of Living: Use of Multivariate Statistical Methods’, Journal of Royal Institute of Public Health, Vol. 121, pp.578-587 Bhide, A. (2003). “SHGs Under Rural Credit Programme: Experience from Maharashtra Credit: A Key to Prosperity, A Path to Doom”, IASSI Quarterly, Vol.21, Nos. 3&4, pp. 164-173.

Educational aspirations are educational goals that a person sets for himself or herself. It is an essential aspect of one’s life because it motivates and energizes the individual to attain their goals. It is a vital component of one's personality that should be taken into consideration. So, the present study was conducted to investigate the educational aspirations among senior secondary school students with respect to gender, subject stream and residential background. Descriptive method was used for the present study. A sample of 300 senior secondary school students studying in various higher secondary schools of district Pulwama (Rural)and District Srinagar (Urban) were selected through Stratified random sampling technique. Educational Aspirations Scale developed and standardized by investigator was used to measure the educational aspirations of senior secondary school students. Statistical techniques like Percentage, Mean, S.D. and t-test were employed to find out the difference of educational aspiration among school students with respect to gender, subject stream and residential background. The findings of the study revealed that female students have high educational aspirations as compared to male students. The results further revealed that there is no significant difference in the educational aspirations of senior secondary school students on the basis of subject stream and residential background. Keywords: Educational Aspirations, Senior secondary school students, Rural and Urban.

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Bashir, L., & Kaur, R. (2017). A Study on Interrelation of Educational Aspiration with School Environment of Secondary School Students. Educational Quest- An International Journal of Education and Applied Social Sciences, 8(spl), 269. doi:10.5958/2230-7311.2017.00063.0 Hoppe, F. (1930). Level of Aspiration, New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc. Grace Sophia, R. & Veliappan, A. (2015). Influence of parental encouragement on the self concept and aspiration of Higher secondary students. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10603/90100

Emotional intelligence works upon the philosophy that knowledge and skill may help someone get into the position, but it takes an emotional understanding of oneself and those around to emerge triumphant. Emotional intelligence influences the overall ability to cope with the environmental demands and uncertainties. When one understands the circuit of feelings, thoughts and reactions they can blossom into mature individuals. This helps in handling irrational fears, stressful situations, understanding strengths and overcoming weaknesses to cope up with challenges. Then the individuals can transcend self imposed limitations and actualize their potentials. They become adaptable, constructive, creative, productive and effective in their tasks. One cannot define emotional intelligence completely until one knows from where this concept originated and how it developed. The present study was conducted on 300 secondary school teachers from Medchal Malkajgiri district of Telangana State. The result reveals that there was a significant difference in emotional intelligence aspects with respect to gender among secondary school teacher’s.

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Competencies have vital role in 21st century for successful personal and professional life. Certain good practices and educational experience of teachers serve as a basis for the design of procedures for the development of competencies in students. Teachers are the role models for the emerging student community. Transversal competencies are considered necessary for teachers to function within today’s complex and increasingly interconnected world. Present study is an attempt to evolve a teacher transversal competency grid which could be used in benchmarking teacher preparation courses. Through document analysis, data collection from teacher educators and expert validation relevant transversal competencies are identified. A survey was then conducted among teacher educators to explore the adequacy of the existing teacher education programmes in developing the transversal competencies among prospective teachers. The findings revealed that core competencies of knowledge management and thinking; personal competencies of emotional management and physical management and social competencies of career management in interpersonal skills and social system management are essential for prospective teachers. However, the survey showed that the existing programmes are not satisfactory in promoting linguistic competencies, stress management, impulse control, health management, financial literacy and entrepreneurial skills of prospective teachers. Hence the teacher education programmes need revamping with planned strategies for training in transversal competencies.

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Batra, Poonam (2005) Voice and Agency of Teachers: The Missing Link in the National Curriculum Framework.2005, EPW, October 1-7, pp. 4353 Gonski, D et al. 2018, Through growth to Achievement: Report of the Review to Achieve Educational excellence in Australian Schools, Commonwealth of Australia. González, J. and Wagenaar, R. (2003), Tuning Educational Structures in Europe: Final Report, Phase 1, Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao McKinsey Global Institute (2017). Skill Shift: Automation and the Future of the Workforce. Retrieved from www.MGI-SkillShift-Automation-and-the-future-of-theworkforce-May-2018.ashx NCTE (2016). National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education. New Delhi: NCTE NCERT (2014) Syllabus for Bachelor of Education (B. Ed.) Programme. Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi: NCERT

“The mediocre teacher tells. The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher inspires.” ? William Arthur Ward Teaching is regarded as the noblest profession on earth, everyone has regard and respects for this profession in spite the fact that the teachers have become less noble and a teaching career has become just another career choice. Often teachers have the dual role of teaching and developing the character of the child. The teacher has to play the role of the facilitator and mentor too. In the words of Malderez (2001), “The term mentoring describes the support given by one (usually more experienced) person for the growth and learning of another, and for their integration into and acceptance by a specific community.” Earlier the term “teacher mentoring” and induction were considered to be the same. According to Strong (2005), “Induction once was sharply defined in educational literature as referring to a broad spectrum of activities geared to novice teachers that included one-to-one mentoring and community orientation, but additionally encompassed peer study groups, team planning and teaching, and tele mentoring, mentoring through videoconferencing and Internet communication.” In NEP 2020, the role of teachers and their contribution in the field of education has been highlighted. According to this policy, for inculcating 21st-century skills, knowledge, and learning outcomes amongst students, teachers will be responsible for all this. There is not much discussion about the mentoring of teachers but if we will not take this issue seriously the results will be in reverse mode instead of expecting something good, it will do more harm. In the curricula of Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.), in schools there is compulsion of the pre-service training of teachers. But this is not enough for the growth of teachers as well as students. The training should be continued in their in-service professional development as well. The present paper highlights the importance of teacher mentoring in context of NEP 2020. ____________________________________________________________________________________

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Malderez, A (2001) New ELT professionals, English Teaching Professional, 19, 57-58 Krupp, J. A. “Mentor and Protege Perceptions of Mentoring Relationships in an Elementary and Secondary School in Connecticut.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 1984. ED 245 004 Evenson, J. S. WORKPLACE MENTORING. Far West Laboratory for Educational Research and Development. 1982. ED 246 182. Driscoll, A., et al. “Designing a Mentor System For Beginning Teachers.”JOURNAL OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT 6,2 (October 1985). Little, Judith and Nelson, Linda (February 1990). A Leader’s Guide to Mentor Training. Far West Laboratory for Educational Research and Development. Ganser, Tom (1996). Preparing Mentors of Beginning Teachers: An Overview for Staff Developers. Journal of Staff Development, v17 n4, 8-11. Pitton, D. E. (2006). Mentoring novice teachers: Fostering a dialogue process (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. O’Brien, E., & Hamburg, I. (2014). Supporting sustainable strategies for SMEs through training, cooperation and mentoring. Higher education studies, 4(2), 61-69. Shadiow, L. (1996). Remembering a mentor. The Clearing House, 69(5), 277–279. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30189185

Quality in higher education is always burning topic for discussion in many ways concerns to Academicians, Educationists and Students from many years. Quality practices and quality thinking are essential for all. In India, it seems to be a case of one step forward and two steps back. While the government has introduced various bills in the Parliament, each of these seems to be stuck at various levels. Bills, such as National Commission for Higher Education and Research, National Accreditation Regulatory Authority for Higher Educational Institutions, and Foreign Educational Institutions, if passed can bring much needed structural changes. There is an urgent need to debate these bills and ensure that they are passed. Most importantly, a change in mind-set is required. Perhaps, time has come to remove the stigma associated with profits in the education sector so that legitimate private enterprises can have access to capital and set up world-class institutions that the country needs so badly. A lot of debate has taken place on 'affiliation', 'accountability', 'autonomy', and so on. Everyone seems to agree that a radical overhaul of the higher education system is much needed. Time has now come to walk the talk. Or else India's youth will be left behind in the global race. A sound higher education sector plays an important role in economic growth and development of a nation. All levels of education, from primary to higher education, are overseen by the Department of Higher Education and the Department of School Education and Literacy. The Indian government has also heavily subsidized the education, although there is an initiative to make the higher education partially self-financing. The Higher Education in India aims at providing education to specialize in a field and includes many technical schools, colleges, and universities. In the context of current demographic structure of India where most of the population is below the age of 25 years, the role of higher education is critical. In this paper author try to gather information about quality in higher education; higher education in India: status and prospective. ___________________________________________________________________________

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Generally, people are not educated in this confidential knowledge; they are educated in external knowledge. As far as ordinary education is concerned, people are involved with so many departments: politics, sociology, physics, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, engineering, etc. There are so many departments of knowledge all over the world and many huge universities, but there is, unfortunately, no university or educational institution where the science of the spirit soul is instructed. Yet the soul is the most important part of this body; without the presence of the soul, the body has no value. Still people are placing great stress on the bodily necessities of life, not caring for the vital soul be enlightened in that spiritual consciousness of life, instead of wasting time in sense gratification like the animals who are concerned with eating, sleeping, fearing, and mating. So the common factor of animal life and human life is these four principles of bodily demands, namely that we require to eat, and we require to sleep, we require some defensive measures for protecting our self from the enemies, and we require some extent of sense gratification. Those are the needs of my body. Those are not the needs of me as I am spirit soul. In this article, we well understand the role of shrimadbagvadgita’s educational aspects and try to implement in our life. Keywords: Education, Shrimadbhagvadgita, Learning, Roles of Gita

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Adluri, Vishwa; Bagchee, Joydeep (2014). The Nay Science: A History of German Indology, Oxford University Press. Amara, S. (2005). "Mahabharata in Art and Literature in Thailand". Indian Literature. 49 (1): 113. Basham, A.L. (1991). The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism. Oxford University Press. pp. 88–89. Betai, R.S. (2002). Gita and Gandhi (New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House/National Gandhi Museum. Chatterjee, D. (2012). Timeless Leadership: 18 Leadership Sutras from the Bhagavad Gita (New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

In the times of emergencies like pandemics unleashing the power of the language is very important as well as it works in a very different way. People throughout the world, even the people residing in villages and distant lands speak one common language which is English. It is a predominate language and most of the terms used to describe the situation is formed in the language which is English. The most amazing fact about this language is that even if people do not use and understand English in a daily situation still the terms and words used during the time of emergencies is widely used in these conditions. The appropriate use of these words make it one of the most used languages throughout the world. Learning a language and using it in a state of emergency are two different aspects. The individual has learnt the terms, words, phrases after listening to someone through advertisement, official website of government, health department, news channels, etc. This means a lot of influence is there on the mind of the individual after listening through various channels for a pandemic or an emergency situation. The language English a very common and popular language spoken throughout the world has always played a very essential role in framing the terminologies for various circumstances. Therefore, the role of the language becomes really very essential in communicating the meanings, situations, experiences to all the people concerned with it. This paper has tried to focus on certain terms which were repeatedly used in the time of Covid-19. A lot of words that were used were very normal words, but with the outbreak of this pandemic the same words have had a very important place in almost everyone’s life. In fact these words meant a lot to the people in understanding the situation in the times of emergencies like pandemic. These words have not only changed the whole connotation of its meaning but has also found an important place in the dictionary. If these words are used for a longer time they will have a greater and larger meaning of it in the lives of the people.

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Reading comprehension and reading skills have always been prerequisites for success in many sectors of the educational system as well as in the majority of routine life activities. In the educational field, the increased accessibility of technology and online resources may be a truly valid support, and they also play a key role in enhancing reading abilities. Technology can be a highly effective motivator, for a reader who is having trouble. He or she might like reading from digital texts and doing so while using various mediums. As a result, the NEP 2020 the policy by the Ministry of Education has consented to having students participate in online learning, also known as e-learning, using computers or technology. The usage of social media, cell phones, laptops, and the Internet is ingrained in today's students' daily lives. This is true for students of all ages, from pre-schoolers to adults and those in higher education. Responding to the current global predicament has relied heavily on our ability to employ technology. Technology plays an important role in improving different language skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. So, in this regard this study aims to investigate how technology-supported instruction affects the students' reading abilities. In order to attain this goal, an achievement test was held to gather data from the students. This study is experimental in nature, using a single group pre-test - post-test approach. The results of this study showed that the use of technology-supported instruction helped students' motivation to read as well as to improve their reading skills and comprehension.

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"Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world" (Nelson Mandela) Education has been recognized as one of the most important and beneficial factors of national development as one. Globalization has become possible with the rapid development of technology. Many countries take advantage of these technologies and use them in business, education, and other activities. Education and ICT is a concern for all schools, teachers, educators, students, and stakeholders during the Covid-19 pandemic. NEP 2020 aims to improve the quality and GER of higher education, including vocational education. The vision of NEP 2020 is "Use and Integration of Technology" to make India a digital and confident nation, empowering society, and knowledge economy. The main purpose of this ICT integration is to make education accessible to people living in remote parts of the country. NEP 2020 recognizes the importance, risks, and dangers of using technology to your advantage. ICT-based education initiatives need to be improved and expanded to meet the current and future challenges of quality education for all.

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The Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) is a major food subsidy program implemented by the Indian government to address this challenge. This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of the TPDS in achieving its objectives of ensuring access to adequate and nutritious food for vulnerable households. The paper begins by providing an overview of the historical context, tracing the issue of food security back to the colonial period and the subsequent introduction of the Public Distribution System (PDS) in the 1960s. It then focuses on the TPDS, which replaced the universal PDS in 1997 and aimed to target the needy households and reduce leakages and diversions. However, the TPDS has faced various challenges, including the identification of eligible beneficiaries, quality of food grains, and leakages. To evaluate the TPDS, the paper adopts a methodology that involves an extensive review of literature, household surveys, government reports, and newspaper articles. The implementation of the TPDS involves joint responsibilities between the central government and state/union territory governments. The identification of eligible households is an ongoing process, with the NFSA legally guaranteeing subsidized food grains to a large proportion of the population. The procurement of food grains occurs seasonally, and they are distributed through a network of Fair Price Shops (FPS) to beneficiaries. The evaluation of the TPDS reveals several challenges, including flaws in beneficiary identification, leakages, and poor quality of food grains. The paper highlights the government's initiatives to address these challenges, such as the use of technology for beneficiary identification, biometric authentication, and the establishment of monitoring mechanisms. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives remains to be seen.

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Research indicates that mindfulness exercises affect physical and mental health, changes in behavior or attitude toward physical activity after doing mindfulness exercises, and mindfulness exercises' effectiveness in reducing stress. The review highlights that meditation and deep breathing can improve mental health. Daily mindfulness practice increases grey matter in the brain, particularly in attention and sensory processing areas. Mindfulness improves emotional regulation, diminishing negative feelings and increasing pleasant ones. Mindfulness also reduces stress and anxiety, improving well-being. Finally, mindfulness improves problem-solving by fostering creativity and minimizing cognitive biases. The observation method was used. The findings suggest that mindfulness exercises may improve mental and physical health, promoting well-being and reducing stress-related medical symptoms. Further study is required to fully understand the effectiveness of mindfulness exercise in improving physical and psychological health outcomes in chronically ill individuals.

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We all know that matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gaseous. But in recent years, more and more attention has been directed to the properties of matter in a fourth and unique state, which we call plasma. It is likely that more than 99% of the matter in the visible universe is in the form of plasma. But quantum plasmas are also important in metallic and semiconductor nanostructures as well as in super-dense astrophysical environments. In recent years, plasma science and technology have gained increasing interest for synthesis, processing, nanoparticle structure, textile surfaces, alloy formation, etching, etc. A major field of plasma technology is gas conversion (including CO2, CH4, and N2) into value-added chemicals or renewable fuels. Moreover, plasma is generated by electric energy and is very suitable for catalyst preparation at low temperatures, as well as for requirements for sustainable agriculture. Many researchers are experimenting with plasma to make a new kind of nuclear power called fusion, which would be much better and safer than ordinary nuclear power and produce much less radioactive waste.

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The early years of life is critical for the child’s cognitive, social and psychological development. In this context role of Play School is very significant. The most essential ingredient in Play School is the provision of engagement of children in play. The teachers in Play Schools are vibrant, enthusiastic, courageous and lovable to tackle with toddlers within the school premises. The investigation aimed at studying the status of Play Schools in Odisha. The sample of the study consisted of 60 teachers selected from 15 Play Schools of Cuttack city of Odisha through the method of purposive sampling. A questionnaire was developed by the investigators for collection of data from the teachers. The findings of the study revealed that the Play Schools were privately run units in rented houses. The schools had good infrastructural facilities but there was hardly any provision for outdoor play. There were no park, pantry, library etc in the Play Schools. All the teachers were female .There was need of adequate number of trained teachers for Play Schools. The teachers were mostly following play way method for classroom transaction. Teachers were not well paid .Suggestions have been given for improving the status of Play Schools in Odisha.

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The attitude of millennial generation towards money and investment differ from previous generation especially Generation-X. The present paper is an attempt to study the investment behavior of the millennials i.e. Gen-Y (people born between 1981 to 1996) towards investment in the share market. The aim of the study is to know the pattern of investment of the millennials. Also to study attitude towards investment in share market and find out the factors influencing millennials for investment in share market. Data is collected using structured questionnaire. 69 respondents were taken as sample from Mumbai i.e. Borivali to Churchgate area. Findings of the study state that millenials have positive attitude towards investment in the share market. They are already investing into share market.

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The present study focuses on analysis of the feedback given by Pre Service Teachers related to the course ‘Understanding Self’ in Bachelor of Education Two Years program. The objective of the study was to collect feedback and analyze responses focusing Life Skills. Survey method followed for collecting the feedback. Feedback sheet was a research tool having both closed and open ended questions. Only closed ended questions were analyzed in the study. Findings show that the responses of the pre service teacher indicate the life skills and how Life Skills can be included in the pre service teachers curriculum through the activities planned systematically in the course Understanding Self. Key words: Pre Service Teacher, Feedback, Life Skills

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Baloyi, L. T. (1998). An evaluation of the" Life Skills Train the Trainer Programme" (Doctoral dissertation, University of South Africa). Borg, S. (2011). The impact of in-service teacher education on language teachers’ beliefs. System, 39(3), 370-380. Dinesh R, Belinda R (2014) Importance of Life skills Education for youth, Indian Journal of Applied Research, Vol 4 Issue 12 Pg – 92-94

Soft skills play an important role in a successful career as well as during social interactions in the society. The scenario of higher education is changing very fast. Now a days only hard skills and experience are not sufficient for successful in the corporate world. This paper is based on effect of soft skills teaching model on achievement of students with reference to the employability skills. An experimental method was used for this study. A single grouped experimental designed was used to compare the effect of Soft Skills Teaching Model on the achievement of different aspects of soft skills among the Bachelor of Science students in Washim district affiliated by Sant Gadge Baba Amaravati University. The study reveals that, there is significant effect of Soft Skills Teaching Model on the achievement of different aspects of soft skills among the Boys and Girls and 68% principals responded that the present under graduate science curriculum is not related to employability skills. Keywords: Soft Skills Teaching Model

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Gupta, Y. (2009). Building a better business student. BizEd, 9(6), 62-63. Garrett, Henry E. and Woodworth, R. S. (1981), Statistics in Psychology and Education: Mrs. A. F. Shaikh for Lawyers, Pfeiffer & Simmons Ltd. Bombay. Gulhane, G. Ale. (2013), Research and Statistics, Anu Books, Meerut. Hodges, D., & Burchell, N. (2003). Business graduate competencies: Employers' views on importance and performance. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 4(2), 16-22. Huma Hyder (2020) Soft Skills: A Research Study On Outdoing Academics And Conquer The World: The World PJAEE, 17 (7) Rubin, R.S. (2009). How relevant is the MBA? Assessing the alignment of required curricula and required managerial competencies. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 8(2), 208–224. www.Shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in and www.Shodhgangotri.inflibnet.ac.in

Politics is an integral part of any society. A civilization can never exist without politics. In the
same manner that society exists, so does politics. One must research the politics of any society in order
to comprehend it further. To get a thorough grasp of Indian society, one must study political conditions
in a country like India where so many cultures, languages, beliefs, and customs coexist. Literature has
always served as a lens through which to view any social element since it reflects society, one of which
is politics. Many English-language writers from India have included political themes and issues in their
writing. Aravind Adiga is one of those who has fearlessly and beautifully shown India as one of the
largest democratic nations in the world. Adiga has drawn so many shades of Indian politics in his novel
Between the Assassinations (2008). This book highlights many problems related to politics in India.
The present research paper will probe over the problems related to Indian politics through the views
from Between the Assassinations by Aravind Adiga. The research paper will also try to deal with those
problems.

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This study investigated the effect of a specially designed dart game intervention on improving eye-hand coordination in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Eye-hand coordination challenges are commonly observed in individuals with ASD, affecting their daily activities and social interactions. The present study focused on a sample of five children with ASD to explore the potential benefits of a dart game intervention in addressing their coordination difficulties. The Quantitative measurements and qualitative observation both were applied to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. The intervention involved regular sessions of playing a dart game to target and enhance eye-hand coordination skills. Quantitative assessments included standardized tests and measurements tailored to the unique characteristics of the ASD population, evaluating improvements in precision, accuracy, and reaction time. In addition to this, observation of the participant’s engagement with the dart game, documenting changes in motor planning, attention, and overall coordination during the intervention sessions was also made. Preliminary findings suggested a positive correlation between the Dart game intervention and improvement in eye-hand coordination among the participants with ASD. The study contributed to the growing body of literature on interventions for individuals with ASD, offering a novel approach to address specific challenges related to eye-hand coordination.

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Religion plays a vital role in society that is impossible to ignore. Even in twenty-first century where science and technology are transforming the way we live our lives, religion continues to hold paramount importance in our everyday existence. Religion, primarily, is the principle of integration and harmonization as is pertinent from its etymological meaning, which is ‘to bind the individual of society’. However, in present times we can witness the negative impact of religion on our society as it is misunderstood and misinterpreted by people for their benefits, thereby causing conflict in society and resulting in religious extremism and fanaticism. In present day scenario, we have numerous kinds of religions in the world with their different kinds of beliefs, rituals, philosophy, and practices. In such diversity of religions, we often have to deal with differences, conflicts, and violence based on the existing religious plurality. The main problem beneath all kinds of religious differences is the conflict of truth claims where the adherents of each religion try to establish the superiority of their religion over other religions by claiming their religion as the only true religion in the world. The concept of religious exclusivism originates from such conflicts of truth claims, where each religion claims its components as the truth and excludes all the other religions by marking them as false and nonsense. Such attitude of exclusion is the main issue that gives rise to different kinds of religious conflicts. Therefore, to solve such differences and problems concerned with religious diversity, which at many instances resulted into disastrous consequences, many thinkers, scholars, and philosophers put forth different solutions like religious inclusivism and religious pluralism. However, Swami Vivekananda is one such thinker who has shown the limitations of these models while making a case for the idea of universal religion that he has derived from Sankara’s Advaita Philosophy. In this paper, I will discuss the importance of Swami Vivekananda’s idea of universal religion in twenty-first century while showing the limitations of religious inclusivism and religious pluralism against his idea of universal religion that is rooted in the non-dualistic philosophy of Sankara. Swami Vivekananda’s notion of universal religion not only provides the solution for resolving the differences and conflicts between different religions but also gives a practical model for the better sustenance of the world. The idea of universal religion is something that is beyond the boundaries of all world religions but also assimilates all the religions in it at the same time, which provides the best way for the realization of the ultimate reality. In other words, universal religion transcends all the religions of the world as well as also encompasses all of them at the same time. While showing the underlying unity of all religions of the world, the idea of universal religion works around two important domains: firstly, respect for each religion of the world, and secondly, the acceptance of the religious diversity that we have in this world. These two things are very much necessary for the establishment of peace and harmony in the world. Universal religion has the potential to accommodate all the individuals by accepting differences. It is capable enough to provide comfort and solace to all the individuals of different religious sects by superseding the conflicts and differences of different religions.

Keywords: Religion, Religious differences, Religious Exclusivism, Swami Vivekananda, Non-dualistic vision, Universal Religion.

 

 

 

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This study aimed to investigate the attitude of secondary school teachers towards inclusive education concerning some demographic variables. Out of this population, a sample of 314 secondary school teachers were selected through a stratified random sampling technique from 40 schools (belonging to the government, local body and private management system). Sood and Anand (2011) established the Teacher Attitude Towards Inclusive Education Scale (TASTIE). There are forty-seven assertions total, of which thirty-nine are positive and eight are negative. The test is a three-point Likert scale. Each of the assertions contains three options, such as "Agree," "Undecided," and "Disagree," next to it. Positive (positive attitude) items score 3, 2, and 1, whereas negative (unfavourable attitude) items score oppositely. The reliability index, or product-moment correlation "r," between the two tests was 0.84, suggesting that the scale is quite dependable for gauging teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education. The results found that attitudes towards inclusive education vary among secondary school teachers. There is no significant difference between the attitude of male and female teachers towards inclusive education. Secondary school teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education are not considerably affected by their designation. Secondary school teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education are unaffected by the subjects they teach.

Keywords: Attitude, Inclusive Education and Secondary School Teachers

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