Education is crucial for societal development, with teachers playing a central role in shaping the next generation. The Government of India emphasizes the importance of establishing teachers as respected members of society, linking their quality to teacher education. A strong reading habit among teachers and trainee teachers is essential for continuous learning and effective teaching. The National Education Policy (2020) aims to enhance reading habits through expanded public and digital libraries. Research indicates a significant correlation between reading habits and academic success, highlighting that good book study habits are vital for teachers and trainee teachers alike. This study explores the book study habits of trainee teachers, as no prior research in this area has been reported.

India, a country with diverse geographical landscapes, has a rich and ancient cultural history that interweaves its geographical knowledge with cultural practices, especially in the fields of agriculture, festivals, and architecture. The link between geography and culture is integral in understanding the way Indians have adapted to their environment over the centuries. From sustainable agricultural practices rooted in ecological knowledge to festivals that celebrate seasonal cycles, and architecture designed to harmonize with local climates and available resources, India’s historical approach to the land is a testament to human ingenuity and respect for nature. This paper delves into these aspects of Indian geographical knowledge and cultural practices, illustrating how they have evolved and shaped Indian society over millennia

Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was one of the great minds in Indian social, political and economic philosophy. A special element of his economic thought was the study of the economy within the framework of social structure, equality, justice and democratic institutions. His economic theory spanned a wide range of themes from currency and public finance to agriculture, land relations, industrialisation, labour, property, economic inequality, and the role of the state. His books, such as The Problem of the Ruppee, The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India, Small Holdings in India and Their Remedies, States and Minorities, etc., reveal different aspects of his economic outlook. According to Ambedkar economic development should not be judged only by the increase in production, income or national wealth but also by the extent to which economic opportunities, resources and security are made available to different sections of the people. The present study is an attempt to critically examine the significance of Ambedkar’s economic theories within the framework of modern Indian economy and society construction. The study looks back at his ideas in regard to themes such as socio-economic inequality, employment, workers’ rights, agriculture, industrialisation, education, financial inclusion, economic power and economic democracy.